Volume 33, Issue 9 (12-2025)
JSSU 2025, 33(9): 9438-9451 |
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Ethics code: IR.IAU.YAZD.REC.1404.021
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Safavi M, Abtahi S Y, Alavirad A, Dehghantafti M A. Analysis of the Regime-Dependent Effects of Macroeconomic Variables on Household Health and Medical Expenditures in Iran. JSSU 2025; 33 (9) :9438-9451
URL: http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6440-en.html
URL: http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6440-en.html
Abstract: (26 Views)
Introduction: Macroeconomic variables have significant effects on health components. And household health and medical expenses (HME), as one of the most important indicators of social welfare and community health, are always affected by the levels and trends of macroeconomic variables. In this study, the impact of some macroeconomic variables on the ratio of household HME has been examined with respect to different levels of economic growth and inflation levels.
Methods: In this study, data from 31 provinces has been collected from 2011 to 2021, and the effect of macroeconomic variables on the household HME ratio has been examined concerning different economic growth rates and inflation levels through a regime-dependent approach using observed provincial data from a balanced panel.
Results: The results of the threshold model estimation indicated that the effect of economic growth on the household HME ratio was significantly negative in the low growth regime and negatively insignificant in the high growth regime. furthermore, an increase in the Gini coefficient alongside an increase in income inequality increased the level of household HME, and provinces with higher levels of inequality also had higher HME. The effect of inflation on the household HME ratio was a regime-dependent effect; in provinces experiencing low inflation, the effect of inflation on the household HME ratio was negative and insignificant.
Conclusion: Provinces exhibiting elevated Gini coefficients require more attention in health and treatment to maintain household welfare levels in these areas. Additionally, provinces experiencing an economic growth rate below the estimated threshold level, as well as those with an inflation rate exceeding the estimated threshold level, require more budget support to sustain the level of household health and treatment. This, in turn, is essential for preserving the level of social welfare, and the country's health and treatment budget allocation policies need to be reviewed in light of these points.
Methods: In this study, data from 31 provinces has been collected from 2011 to 2021, and the effect of macroeconomic variables on the household HME ratio has been examined concerning different economic growth rates and inflation levels through a regime-dependent approach using observed provincial data from a balanced panel.
Results: The results of the threshold model estimation indicated that the effect of economic growth on the household HME ratio was significantly negative in the low growth regime and negatively insignificant in the high growth regime. furthermore, an increase in the Gini coefficient alongside an increase in income inequality increased the level of household HME, and provinces with higher levels of inequality also had higher HME. The effect of inflation on the household HME ratio was a regime-dependent effect; in provinces experiencing low inflation, the effect of inflation on the household HME ratio was negative and insignificant.
Conclusion: Provinces exhibiting elevated Gini coefficients require more attention in health and treatment to maintain household welfare levels in these areas. Additionally, provinces experiencing an economic growth rate below the estimated threshold level, as well as those with an inflation rate exceeding the estimated threshold level, require more budget support to sustain the level of household health and treatment. This, in turn, is essential for preserving the level of social welfare, and the country's health and treatment budget allocation policies need to be reviewed in light of these points.
Type of Study: Original article |
Subject:
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Received: 2025/05/9 | Accepted: 2025/08/11 | Published: 2025/12/6
Received: 2025/05/9 | Accepted: 2025/08/11 | Published: 2025/12/6
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