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Introduction: Chemerin is a new Adipokine which is dependent on autocrine and paracrine signals for the differentiation and maturation of fat cells it also regulates glucose uptake in fat cells and stimulates lipolysis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of two kinds of anaerobic and aerobic exercise programs on changes of chemerin levels in female Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: In this study, 55 rats were randomly divided into two experimental (aerobic and anaerobic) and pre-test groups. Based on the training program, the experimental group rats did aerobic and anaerobic exercises for eight weeks. Dependent t-test was used to investigate the effect of exercise on chemerin levels and independent T-test was utilized in order to determine significant differences among changes of chemerin level in the experimental group. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in chemerin levels after eight weeks of aerobic exercise (p=0/0001), while no significant difference was observed in the anaerobic group (p=0/11). Furthermore, there was also a significant difference between the amount of chemerin plasma levels in the aerobic and anaerobic groups (p=0/0001). Conclusion: It was found that chemerin levels are influenced by activities of endurance types. Regarding the same period of time for both exercises (8 weeks), it may be stated that the duration of each training session (starting from 15 minutes and continued for 60 minutes in aerobic exercises) is a significant factor in changing the production of this hormone.

Keywords: Adipokine, Aerobic Exercise, Anaerobic Exercise, Chemerin

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