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Introduction: Additives such as nitrites compounds are used in meat products in order to create the desired color, creating the desired taste, prevent the growth of Clostridium botulinum spores and increase the storage time of the products. Today, due to the indiscriminate use of nitrogenous fertilizers, it is widely spread in water, soil and ecosystems, and the lives of many people could be put at risk. Therefore, this study was performed in order to examine the histopathological effect of sodium nitrite on Pulmonary artery in male rats. Methods: This is a cross - sectional study in which 30 adult male and female rats strain Vistar were divided into 3 groups of 10 which involved 2 recipient groups who were given 175 mg/kg/day dose and 350 mg/kg/day dose of nitrite. The control group absorbed nitrite through drinking water. The 3 groups were examined for 60 days. At the end of day 60, after Anesthesia, the blood sample was collected from heart. The arteries were taking out of body, and then tissue sections were prepared for testing tissue changes. The samples were stained with HematoxilinEozin method and thickness of internal media (intima media thickness) was measured with Image tool software. Factors such as morphometric and morphologic from arteries, body weight changes were investigated before and after test and also blood nitric oxide level was checked. At the end, the obtained results were analyzed through spss 17 software by T-test and Anova test. Results: The outcome of nitric oxide plasmatic density measurement showed that nitric oxide level in animal ’s blood in 175 mg/kg/day dose recipient group and 350 mg/kg/day dose recipient group increased significantly compared with the control group at the level of P ≤ 0.05. Also thickness of media layer decreased in maximum dose group (350 mg/kg/day dose) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Based on the results of different doses of sodium nitrite, the nitric oxide levels in the blood were increased, and the thickness of middle layer of the lung arteries at dose 350 mg of sodium nitrite was reduced.

Keywords: Media Intima; Nitric Oxide; Pulmonary Artery; Rat; Sodium Nitrite

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