Journal of

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Extramedullary plasmacytomas are plasma cell tumors that arise outside the bone marrow. They are most often located in the head and neck. Extramedullary plasmacytomas account for approximately 3 percent of plasma cell malignancies. The diagnosis of an extramedullary plasmacytoma depends upon the demonstration of a monoclonal plasma cell tumor at an extramedullary site with no evidence of multiple myeloma based upon bone marrow examination and roentgenographic studies, absence of an M-protein in serum and/ or urine, and no related organ or tissue impairment. These tumors are highly responsive to local radiation therapy and rarely progress or recur. A 77 year old man referred for gradual enlargement of scrotum in April, 2004. He had no fever, weight loss or loss of appetite during the period. No tenderness, warmth or erythem of scrotum was observed on physical examination. No lymphadenopathy was detected. Later he had temporary relief because of antibiotic therapy . 7 months later, he referred again following the aggravation of his symptom. Ultrasonography of his scrotum was done and enlargement in the left testis was reported. Lab data including CBC,diff,ESR,AFP were normal but βHCG titer was reported higher than normal . He underwent radical orchiectomy and the specimen was sent for pathological study. Spermatocytic seminoma and plasmacytoma were suspected, but plasmacytoma was reported after the IHC . In order to rule out multiple myeloma, whole body bone scanning with sestamibi and urine Bence Jones protein were examined, all of which were negative. In bone marrow aspiration, the cellularity was normal and no pathologic lesion was reported. Considering clinical and paraclinical evidences, the diagnosis was extramedullary plasmacytoma.

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Introduction: Para-nonylphenol (p-NP) is an important environmental pollutant that can affect the male reproductive system through endocrine disruption and inducing of oxidative stressence. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on testicular tissue and sperm parameters (count, motility, viability and morphology), sperm DNA and chromatin abnormalities against toxicity induced by p-NP in adult NMRI mice. Methods: Twenty-four adult male NMRI mice (32±3g) were divided into 4 groups (n=6): control, NSO (5ml/kg/day), p-NP (250mg/kg/day) and p-NP+NSO. After 34 days of oral treatment, the left testis was removed and used for histopathological observations. Left caudal epididymis was cut in the Ham’s F10 and released spermatozoa were utilized in order to analyze sperm motility, viability, number and morphology. Sperm chromatin quality was assessed by nuclear staining using acridine orange and aniline blue. The blood serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also measured. The study data were analyzed utilizing one Way ANOVA and Tukey’s test, and P<0.05 was considered as the significant level. Results: A significant decrease was observed in the p-NP group in regard with the motility, viability, number, normal sperm morphology, diameter of seminiferous tubules and germinal epithelium thickness, whereas a significant increase was reported in regard with the diameter of the seminiferous tubules lumen and MDA levels compared to the control group. Above parameters were significantly compensated by Nigella sativa oil in p-NP+NSO group compared to Para-nonylphenol group. The application of Nigella sativa oil alone significantly increased the number, motility, normal morphology of the sperm and significantly decreased the MDA levels compared to the control group. Conclusion: The study results indicated that the Nigella sativa oil, as a potent antioxidant, could compensate for the toxicity induced by p-NP

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Introduction: Methamphetamine (MAMP) is a central nervous system stimulant that its consumption has increased among youths. Adolescence is considered as a critical period and the reproductive organs are developing is very sensitive so that the. In this study, the effects of methamphetamine on the development of the testes in immature male rats were evaluated.

Methods: 40 immature male Wistar Rats (35-day-old male rats) were divided into four groups: control and the group receiving methamphetamine: (1, 3, 5 mg/kg). The control group received saline and experimental groups received methamphetamine for 10 days (intraperitoneally) and they were allowed to mature. Then, the rats were dissected. Testicularb tissue was isolated and after weighing, they were prepared to be placed in formalin. The results were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan's test.

Results: Spaces created in the seminiferous tubules showed spermatogenesis disorder. The mean number of cells (spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid, sperm) in the experimental groups decreased significantly than the control group (p<0/001), this reduction was dose dependent. The average weight of the testes to the body weight in the experimental groups showed no significant difference than the control group.

Conclusion: Frequent consumption of methamphetamine, even in low doses through the influence on the pituitary -gonad and the various factors involved in spermatogenesis, can disrupt the sexual maturation, which may cause reduced fertility in males.

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Introdution: Bisphenol A (BPA) as an environmental pollutant has estrogenic effects and can induce oxidative stress in the testis tissue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of vitamin E (Vit E), as a strong antioxidant, on the adverse effect of BPA on adult rat testis tissue.
Methods: Male rats (220±15g) were divided into 4 groups (n=6/each): control, Bisphenol A (250 mg/kg/day), Bisphenol A+ Vit E (150 mg/kg/day) and Vit E and orally treated for 56 days. At the end of the treatment, the right testis was removed and after fixation, sectioning, tissue processing and staining with Heidenhain's Azan method was evaluated stereologically. The serum testosterone and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also measured. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Tukey's test and the means were considered significantly different (P<0.05).
Results: A significant decrease in the total volume of testis, volume and diameter of seminiferous tubule and its height of the germinal epithelium and thickness of the basement membrane, number of spermatids, spermatocyte and sertoli cells, Serum testosterone levels and a significant increase in the serum MDA level were found in the Bisphenol A group compared to the control group. The above parameters were compensated to the control level in the Bisphenol A + Vit E group.
Conclusion: Vitamin E, as a strange antioxidant, could compensate many adverse the effects of Bisphenol A on the testis tissue, so it is suggested that it can be used as a potential supplement in case of BPA intoxication

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Introduction: So far, the effects of blunt trauma on sperm parameters and reproductive capacity have not been firmly established and different reports have been presented. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of unilateral blunt testis on sperm parameters in acute and chronic periods after injury in mice.
Methods: In this study, 40 adult male NMRI mice with a weight of 35-30 gr were selected randomly and divided into 3 groups control, sham and experimental (blunt). Then sperm samples were examined microscopically in terms of motility, number, viability (eosin stain color and Hypoosmotic Swelling) in two acute and chronic.
Results: In experimental groups, there was a significant decrease in sperm motility and viability compared to the control group (P<0.05). There was also a significant reduction in the number of sperm in the chronic group compared to the control (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Results showed that mice testicular trauma has adverse effects on sperm viability, number and progressive motility. Therefore, it can be concluded that testicular blunt trauma may impair the fertility of males.

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