Journal of

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Introduction: Fatty liver disease is characterized by deposition of fat droplets in the liver of patients. According to some epidemiological studies BMI, amount of fat intake from foods and high central fat are risk factors of breast cancer. This issue is one of the factors that cause high incidence of fatty liver in patients with breast cancer. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, all patients with breast cancer were evaluated who referred to Imam Sajjad hospital of Ramsar during 2008 - 2011. After initial review, 100 patients were enrolled. Those who were treated by chemotherapy underwent abdominal Sonography for evaluation of fatty liver. Also, those patients who also received tamoxifen in addition to chemotherapy, underwent abdominal ultrasonography 6 months after taking tamoxifen. After that, relationship between treatment of breast cancer and fatty liver in studied patients was evaluated based on obtained information. Results: The study results revealed that after chemotherapy, 30 (30%) patients were reported to have fatty liver. Out of 70 people that after chemotherapy did not have fatty liver, 62 patients received tamoxifen and after taking tamoxifen, 45.2% developed fatty liver. Using Chi Square test, there was a significant relationship between fatty liver after receiving tamoxifen, hyperlipidemia (p=0.011) and getting overweight (P =0.017). Conclusion: As the findings indicated, treatment of breast cancer especially with tamoxifen is associated with increased risk of fatty liver, especially in women who have hyperlipidemia and are overweight.

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Introduction: Tamoxifen is a nonsteroidal drug which mainly treats breast cancer. It is also applied for stimulation of ovulation and remedy of infertility. Regarding the tamoxifen binding to estrogen receptors and the possible role of estrogens in spermatogenesis, the present study aimed to histologically evaluate spermatogenesis in the seminiferous ducts of mice, whose mothers had received tamoxifen during pregnancy.

Methods: In the present study, 30 female and 15 male mice of NMRI race were selected for mating. Since 13^th day of pregnancy, the experimental group received tamoxifen with the dosage of 5 mg/kg intra-peritoneally for 7 days, wherease the control group received normal saline. After childbirth of the mated mice, male infants were selected and monitored in the standard laboratory conditions. After reaching the age of puberty (6-8Weeks), adult mice were sacrificed by the cervical dislocation, and the testes were removed for histological evaluation of spermatogenesis. After routine histological processing, the samples were studied by the light microscope.

Results: Histological studies showed that spermatogenic and Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules in control and experimental groups were significantly different, though no difference was observed in the number of Leydig cells in the both groups.

Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that tamoxifen exposure during development can cause histological changes in the seminiferous tubules, which can lead to infertility in the male rat.

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Introduction: Tamoxifen is steroidal drug, which mainly treats breast cancer and also used to stimulate ovulation. The purpose of the present study was the evaluation of sperm parameters and fertility of mice whose mothers had received tamoxifen during pregnancy.

Methods: In this study, 30 female and 15 male mice of NMRI were selected for mating. After mating female mice were randomly divided into two groups, the first group (control) and second group (experimental). All of which contained 15 mice. From the day 13^th day of pregnancy, experimental group has received tamoxifen with the dosage of 5 mg/kg for 7 days. After childbirth of the mated mice, male infants were selected. After reaching the age of puberty (6-8Weeks), adult mice were sacrificed by the cervical dislocation. After take sperm, sperm parameters (count, normality and motility), and sperm fertility was performed. In this study SPSS software and statistical t-test was used (p <0.001).)

Results: Studies showed that sperm parameters and sperm fertilization were significantly different. The number of sperm in the control group was 83.50±28.20 million, and in the experimental group was 60±14.14 million. There was a decrease in average sperm count in the experimental group compared with the control group (p <0.001). Our findings from in vitro fertilization culture media showed that embryos formation and oocyte disruption between control and experimental groups significantly different (p <0.001).

Conclusion: The results showed that tamoxifen exposure during development can cause histological changes in the seminiferous tubules, which can lead to infertility.