Showing 20 results for Oxidative Stress
Aa Malekiral, M Beyrami, K Rahzani, Ma Shariatzadeh, A Eisabadi Bozchelouei,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (1-2009)
Abstract
Introduction: Free radicals are molecules or atoms with single electron that results in reactions thus causing severe damages to the body’s macromolecules. By preventing the formation of free radicals, repairing damages caused by radical’s activities, increasing the excretion of the damaged molecules and minimizing the cellular mutation, the antioxidant defense system contrasts the damages caused by free radicals. Different lifestyles and nutrition, environmental and genetic factors can lead to the unusual increase in free radicals formation or weakening the antioxidant defense system and can cause the imbalance between the production and excretion of free radicals. They have not only a significant role in aging but also in causing and aggravating many diseases. Accordingly, some factors related to total antioxidant capacity of saliva were studied.
Methods: This study was descriptive and the sampling was performed in multi stages. The subjects consisted of 720 students (male: 325, female: 395) in Arak. Individuals filled a questionnaire approved by experts and included the demographic factors and dietary habits. Then the total antioxidant capacity in saliva of these students were measured by FRAP method. The results were analyzed with descriptive analysis (such as Mean, Deviation standard) and also analytical analysis (such as T-test and Spirman Correlation Coefficient).
Results: The mean and standard deviation (mean SD) of total antioxidant capacity of saliva in males was higher than the females and so there was a positive and meaningful correlation between total capacity antioxidant of saliva and milk consumption, father’s education and mother’s education. P and R in this manner were (0.02, 0.04, 0.045-0087, 0.11, 0.076) while there was no significant correlation between social and economic status, consumption of fats, red and white meat and the antioxidant capacity.
Conclusion: Parents level of education and dietary habits have a significant and positive correlation with the antioxidant capacity. It seems that giving necessary information and nutrition instruction can help decrease oxidative stress and prevent different diseases.
H Naghizadeh , M Afzalpour, H Akbarzadeh ,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (10-2009)
Abstract
Introduction: It is believed that prolonged and intensive exercise training may induce tissue damages due to production of free radicals and other reactive oxygen radicals. Antioxidant capacity status in Zourkhaneh (traditional wrestling) sportsmen has not been studied to date therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare of antioxidant characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors of Zourkhaneh sportsmen and non-sportsmen.
Methods: In the study, 17 male Zourkhaneh sportsmen who were active in the last 6 months for at least 3 sessions per week and each session of at least 45 minutes, and 20 male sedentary individuals who did not have any regular physical activity during the same time period participated in the study. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), supreoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and lipid status was determined through standardized and valid methods in the biochemistry laboratory of Birjand university of medical sciences. T-tests were used to compare groups and statistical significance was also considered where P<0.05.
Results: The TAC and anaerobic power of the legs of Zourkhaneh sportsmen was significantly higher than non-sportsmen (P<0.05). In addition, it was observed that there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding their lipid profile, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percent (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Zourkhaneh special trainings result in beneficial antioxidant status and better anaerobic power as compared to non-sportsmen and these factors make them more resistant against cardiovascular diseases.
M Roghani, S Arbab-Soleymani,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (6-2013)
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic diabetes mellitus in the long run accompanies enhanced oxidative stress burden and decreases activity of antioxidant defense system. Due to significant role of these factors in development of some neurological disorders and with regard to antidiabetic and antioxidant effect of Tribulus terrestris (TT), this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of its oral administration on brain tissue level of some markers of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, rats were divided into 4 groups, i.e. control, TT-treated control, diabetic, and TT-treated diabetic groups. For induction of diabetes, streptozotcin (STZ) was intraperitoneally administered (60mg/Kg). In addition, TT-treated groups received TT mixed with standard pelleted food at a weight ratio of 3% for 5 weeks. Level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite as well as activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain tissue were measured at the end of the study.
Results: Diabetic rats showed a significant increase in tissue level of MDA (p<0.01) and nitrite (p<0.01) and a non-significant reduction of SOD activity. Furthermore, TT treatment significantly reduced level of MDA p<0.01) and nitrite (p<0.05). Also, SOD activity in treated-diabetic group was non-significantly higher as compared to diabetics.
Conclusion: Chronic oral treatment with TT could attenuate some markers of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in brain tissue in diabetic rats which this could possibly prevent some neurological disorders due to enhanced oxidative stress.
A Kazemi, A Zare’i Mahmoudabadi, M Fasihi Ramandi, J Rasouli Vani, M Saberi,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (6-2014)
Abstract
Introduction: Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a broad-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide that has been used abundantly over the globe during the past 40 years. Chemical pesticides may induce oxidative stress via generating free radicals and altering antioxidant levels of the free radical scavenging enzyme activity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of Chlorpyrifos-induced oxidative stress in the plasma samples of Wistar rat.
Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were selected randomly which were assigned to 2 equal groups, e.g. control and test. The control group received corn oil as the solvent, and the experimental group received 16.5mg/kg/day of CPF (4mg/ml) orally via a stomach tube for four weeks. Plasma samples were taken on 1st, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days, at a specific time. Catalase (CAT) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and also levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were determined .
Results: The oral administration of CPF could induce symptoms such as tremors, hair erection, weakness, diarrhea and asthma on Day 7 and onward. The data analysis of plasma samples showed significant (P<0.001) decrease in the levels of glutathione and CAT enzymatic activity and a significant increase in SOD enzymatic activity and the MDA level.
Conclusion: CPF could induce oxidative stress probably via production of free radicals as was evident by reduction of GSH level and CAT activity accompanied by increase in the activity of SOD and enhancement in the level of MDA in plasma samples. This necessitates the application of antioxidants when having exposure with OP pesticides.
M Jafari, Sh Sadraie, Gr Kaka, Z Abdi, R Rezaie, M Salehi,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Sulfur mustard(SM) is a strong alkylating agent that increases the formation of free radicals. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the protective and therapeutic roles of hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) and N-acetyl-cysteine(NAC) in reduction of SM-induced oxidative stress in rat serum.
Methods: In the present experimental study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight groups including: control group, SM group (an endotracheal injection of SM 0.5%/kg only once), HMT group (7.5mg/kg), NAC group (0.5mg/kg), HMT-SM group, NAC-SM group, SM-HMT group and SM-NAC group. HMT and NAC were received daily an hour before and after receiving SM by intraperitoneal injection for 14 days. After 14 days, the rats were anesthetized by ether, their blood was collected by cardiac puncture and the serum was obtained. Then, superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT) and glutathione S-transferase(GST) activities, as well as glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels were determined by biochemical methods.
Results: SM decreased serum SOD (p<0.001) and CAT (p<0.05) activities as well as GSH level (p<0.01), whereas it increased GST activity (p<0.01) and MDA level (p<0.01). HMT and NAC pre- and post-treated animals showed a difference in these biochemical parameters as compared to SM-treated rats.
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that SM induces oxidative stress in rat serum. HMT and NAC can ameliorate SM-induced oxidative stress by altering antioxidant defense system in serum. The protective effect of HMT against the toxicity of SM is higher than NAC.
S Rezaei Tireh Shabankareh , J Mohiti Ardakani , R Fallah, M Karimi, F Pourrajab, R Ehsani, N Rustaei Rad ,
Volume 23, Issue 11 (2-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Epilepsy is regarded as one of the prevalent neurological disorders in children. The role of anti-oxidants in protection of epilepsy has been discussed in several studies. Vitamin E can be mentioned as a natural antioxidant to neutralize free radicals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamin E on oxidative stress markers such as malone dialdehyde(MDA) and protein carbonyl(PC) in children suffering from idiopathic epilepsy and vitamin D deficiency.
Methods: In the current study, children suffering from idiopathic epilepsy and vitamin D deficiency were randomly divided into two groups. One group was treated with 50000 units of vitamin D oral capsules (per week) for 8 weeks and the other group was treated with 100 units of vitamin E (per day) for one month as well as 50000 unit of vitamin D for 8 weeks. The amount of MDA and PC were measured by the spectrophotometer method. The obtained data were analyzed via the SPSS software (ver, 19) using t-test.
Results: The results indicated that the amount of MAD and PC revealed a significant decrease after the treatment. In fact, in the group treated with vitamin E, the amount of PC decreased significantly compared with the other group, though MDA reduction was not proved to be significant.
Discussion: The findings of the present study revealed that treatment with vitamin E could reduce the PC amount in regard with epileptic patients.
N Farhangi, F Nazem, F Zehsaz,
Volume 24, Issue 10 (1-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: Oxidative stress can promote the development of complications of diabetes. Moderate exercise improves cardiac antioxidant status in diabetic animals. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 week endurance exercise training on some heart antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation of heart tissue in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: To this end, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the healthy control group (C), diabetic control group (DC) and trained diabetic group (TD). Animals in TD group were exercised on a treadmill 4 days a week for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in heart tissues. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05).
Results: The CAT and GPx activities of the heart tissue in DC group were found to be significantly higher (p=0.000) in compared with C group, whereas SOD activity was not found significantly different among the experimental groups. Also, heart GPx activity in TD group was significantly lower (p=0.000) than that of DC group, while CAT activity was not affected by endurance training. After 8-week endurance exercise (TD group), the MDA levels of heart tissue were significantly higher (respectively p<0.017 and p=0.000) than C and DC groups.
Conclusion: The results of the present study have demonstrated that due to decreased GPx activities and MDA levels, endurance exercise may make the heart tissue more susceptible to oxidative stress.
N Darbandi, S Moghadasi, Hr Momeni,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (6-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: Studies have indicated that metformine has different effects on learning and memory. In this study, both acute and chronic therapeutic effects of metformin on memory retrieval and some serum oxidative stress factors in Streptozotocin -induced Alzheimeric male rats were investigated.
Methods: In this experimental study, 48 rats were divided into six groups (n=8) as follows: saline - saline, streptozotocin - saline, and streptozotocin - metformine (once, one week, three weeks and eleven weeks). Intracerebroventricular administrations of streptozotocin (3mg/kg) were done at the first and third day of the surgery. Intraperitoneally administrations of saline (ml/kg) or metformin (200mg/kg) was started one day before the surgery and continued until the end of the care period. The animals’ memory was evaluated through passive avoidance learning; blood serums were used to measure the levels of malondialdehyde, assessment of Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP), levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes.
Results: Streptozotocin (STZ) significantly reduced the memory retrieval and the levels of FRAP, superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes and it significantly increased the level of malondialdehyde compared to the control group (p<0/001). Administration of metformin (once, one week and three weeks) improved the memory retrieval and serum oxidative stress factors compared to the STZ group (p<0/001). While the administration of metformin in eleven weeks group did not have any significantly differences compared to the STZ group (p>0/05).
Conclusion: It seems that administration of acute and chronic metformin has different effects on the memory retrieval that it may be due to the effect of chronic metformin in increasing the level of oxidative stress factors in serum.
Fatemeh Borhan, Javad Zavvar-Reza, Mr Masoud Pandeh, Saedeh Fathi,
Volume 25, Issue 7 (10-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: Use of wireless devices have been increasing during the last three decades in the world. Health risks caused by exposure to these appliances has become a public concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to Wi-Fi on DNA breaks and oxidative stress parameters.
Methods:16 male mice divided in 2 groups; experimental (exposed) (n=8) and the control groups (n=8). While the control group was kept not exposed to the signals the experimental group was exposed to 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi signal GHz, for 8h/21 day; Single strand DNA breaks in lymphocytes were determined by using the Alkaline Comet Assay (before and after the exposure period). Oxidative stress parameters, including, catalase activity, PON1 activity, and TAC were measured (before and after the exposure period).
Results: In the exposed group, it was observed an increase in single-stranded DNA break; decrease in PON1 enzyme activity also increase the catalase activity compared to before exposure to wi-fi, but TAC was not significantly different. While in the control group, none of the indicators measured at the end of the study there was no significant difference compared to 21 days ago.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study show that Wi-Fi exposure can increase oxidative stress and the strand DNA breaks
Javad Beheshtipour, Mahdieh Raeeszadeh, Rojin Jamali, Sajjad Sistani,
Volume 25, Issue 10 (1-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Nicotine, as the most important component of cigarette, can cause liver damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of alfalfa on controlling nicotine-induced liver damage in male Wistar rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: control group (without treatment), T1 (nicotine), T2 (nicotine + alfalfa extract of 250 mg / kg) and T3 (nicotine + alfalfa extract of 500 mg / kg). Hydroalcoholic extract of alfalfa oraly and nicotine were injected subcutaneously at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg for 25 days. At the end of the course, food intake, body weight and liver were measured. Blood samples from each rat were obtained for the evaluation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Data were presented as mean and standard error of mean with SPSS 24 software and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. The significant level was considered P <0.05.
Results: The body weight of animals in the T1 group was significantly decreased in comparison to that of the control group (P=0.046). There was no significant difference in food intake between the groups (P=0.054). The liver weight in the T1 and T2 groups decreased significantly compared to the control group (P=0.044). Significant serum levels of ALT and AST enzymes increased in the T1 test group compared to the control group (P<0.05). In addition, in the treatment groups with alfalfa (T2 and T3) hydroalcoholic extract, serum concentrations of ALT and AST biomarkers were significantly decreased compared to the T1 group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, alfalfa hydroalcoholic extract with antioxidant effect can show the hepatoprotective effects against nicotine.
Nadia Khademi, Mahdieh Raeeszadeh, Azra Veisi,
Volume 26, Issue 10 (1-2019)
Abstract
Introdution: Considering the importance of sperm parameters in fertility rate, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydro-alcoholic broccoli extract on sperm parameters before and after freezing in male mice.
Methods: In this experimental study, 28 male NMRI mice were divided into four groups of seven. Control group have not received any treatment, while the first, second, and third experimental groups received, 100, 200 and 300 mg / kg of hydro-alcoholic broccoli extract (prepared by Maceration method) using intra-peritoneal injection for 42 days, respectively. At the end of the period, blood serum was taken from mice to measure the catalase, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde enzymes. Sperm concentration, the number of sperm, sperm viability percentage, motility, and sperm DNA fragmentation percentage were measured before and after the freezing.
Results: The lowest sperm concentration in the control group was 249 × 106 and the highest in the third experiment was 714 × 106 mio cubic meters. The highest sperm viability percentage and sperm motility in the third experiment was 96% and 98%, respectively. The reduction in the viability rate of sperm after treatment in the control group was about three to four times more than the experimental groups and these differences were significant (P = 0.005). The concentration of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme in the third experiment was 18.28 ± 2.66 and 56.36 ± 2.425, respectively. The difference was significant in the superoxide dismutase enzyme in other groups. The lowest concentration of malondialdehyde was found to be 96.9 ± 1.40 nonomole/ micromole and significant with the control group.
Conclusion: The 300 mg / kg dose of broccoli extract have the best effect on fresh and freezed sperm parameters, which could be related to the antioxidant effects of the extract.
Somayyeh Hatami, Homeira Hatami, Farzam Sheikhzade, Gholamrez Dehgan,
Volume 27, Issue 11 (2-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Crystal meth by induction of free radical formation in brains cells and lipid peroxidation cause to the apoptosis. The aim of present study is to investigate the effect of extract of Scrophularia striataon spatial memory, lipid peroxidation and alteration of antioxidant enzymes levels.
Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups, including: sham (saline), crystal meth (10, 15 mg/kg), Scrophularia Striate extract (200 mg/kg) and pretreatment of Scrophularia (200 mg/kg) + crystal (10, 15 mg/kg). Induction of addiction was performed by intra peritoneal injection of crystal meth during 5 consecutive days. Morris Water Maze was used for analyzing spatial memory. The levels of oxidative stress enzymes were assayed. Instate 3 was used for data analysis and the statistical test was One- Way ANOVA following by Tukey posthoc test.
Results: Crystal meth reduced spatial memory (control: 18/59±6/34, crystal meth (10 mg/kg) 30/34±4/83, crystal meth (15 mg/kg): 59/98±0/77) (p<0.001). Pretreatment of Scrophularia improved the spatial memory (control: 18/59±6/34, Pretreatment of Scrophularia + crystal meth (10 mg/kg): 30/12±2/71, Pretreatment of Scrophularia + crystal meth (15 mg/kg): 50/43±0/51) (P<0.05). MDA, SOD and KAT levels increased in crystal meth group (P<0.05), but pretreatment of Scrophularia reduced the elevated level of MDA, SOD and KAT (P<0.05).
Conclusion: It seems pretreatment of Scrophularia improve spatial memory which has been reduced by crystal meth.
Vahide Jamshidi, Vahid Pourshafiei, Mahmoud Vakili, Ali Moradi,
Volume 27, Issue 12 (2-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is the most common enzyme disorder. This enzyme involved in maintaining the balance of active oxygen species and its defect causes oxidative damage. PON1 is an HDL-based glycosylated protein that prevents lipid peroxidation. In this study, the prevalence of PON L55M polymorphism in paraoxonase enzyme in neonates with a deficiency in G6PD activity was evaluated, and the level of oxidative stress was measured.
Methods: In the present case-control study, 60 infants 2 to 6 months with G6PD enzyme activity deficiency and 60 healthy infants identical in age was selected. Polymorphism examination was done using PCR-RFLP technique, and oxidative stress parameters were measured by spectrophotometry. Chi square and t test statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS V16 software.
Results: The frequency of genotype LL, LM and MM for PON1 L55M was 43.33%, 43.3% and 13.3% and, 35%, 21.6% and 43.3% in control and case group, respectively. Genotypic frequency of LM and MM was significant between control and control groups (P <0.05). The allele frequency between L and M was also significant (P <0.05). Superoxide dismutase enzyme activity and mean carbonyl level comparison did not show a significant difference (P >0.05), but the activity of catalase enzyme and mean level of thiol was showed a significant difference (P <0.05).
Conclusion: In the present study, the frequency of LM genotype in neonates with G6PD deficiency was significantly different in comparison to the control group. This frequency is consistent with the results obtained from oxidative stress conditions (significant reduction in the level of thiol and catalase activity).
Eftekhar Mohammadi , Fatemeh Nikseresht,
Volume 28, Issue 3 (6-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Evidence suggests increased oxidative stress and improved total antioxidant status resulting from regular exercise in the heart tissue of diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of increasing endurance training on the levels of antioxidant enzymes and the total antioxidant status of the cardiac tissue of diabetic mice.
Methods: In this experimental study, 24 Wistar male rats (aged 10 weeks and weighing 256±11.8 g) were divided into 4 groups of 6.The training program lasted for 8 weeks with increasing endurance training. It was measured 48 hours after the completion of the protocol levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase) and the total antioxidant status of rat heart tissue. One-way analysis of variance test was used for intergroup comparisons and Pearson test was used to investigate the relationship between indicators.
Results: The results showed a significant difference in total antioxidant status, catalase and glutathione (P = 0.001) and were not significant in glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.240). Moreover, a follow-up test showed a significant increase in total antioxidant status and catalase (healthy exercise, healthy control, and diabetic exercise compared to diabetic control), Glutathione (healthy exercise (P = 0.001) and healthy control (P = 0.049) compared to diabetic control); (Healthy exercise (P = 0.003) compared to diabetic exercise. Finally, some correlations between antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant status were significant.
Conclusion: According to research results, increasing endurance training appears to increase levels of antioxidant enzymes and improve total antioxidant status, thereby it reduces oxidative stress in the heart tissue of diabetic mice.
Zohreh Hashemian, Parvaneh Afsharian,
Volume 28, Issue 5 (7-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common causes of infertility. 6 to 8 percent of women of childbearing age have this endocrine disorder. Biochemical abnormalities in these patients lead to imbalance of female hormones and increased androgens, which can have consequences such as menstrual cycle disorder, hirsutism, acne vulgaris and androgenic alopecia. Despite the long history of studies on polycystic ovary syndrome, the cause is still unknown. Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the amount of antioxidant. When this balance is disturbed, the result is an increase in the level of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is currently recognized as one of the major pathophysiologies of many disorders and diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome. Understanding the mechanisms of oxidative stress is crucial for developing strategies for the prevention and treatment of this disease. In this article, we reviewed the data on the mechanism of oxidative stress in polycystic ovary syndrome.
Mahin Dianat, Maryam Radan, Mohammad Badavi, Ali Mard, Vahid Bayati, Gholamreza Goudarzi,
Volume 30, Issue 3 (6-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Particulate matter (PM) increases the risk of heart disorders. Gallic acid (GA) with strong antioxidant properties has shown an effective role in reducing the complications of various diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Gallic acid in preventing cardiac arrhythmias due to exposure to particulate matter.
Methods: In this study, 40 rats were placed in 4 groups including: control, Particulate matter (5 mg/kg), Gallic acid (30 mg/kg) and particulate matter + Gallic acid. The rats were anesthetized, blood pressure was measured with a tail cuff, and the lead Π of electrocardiogram was examined to record the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias. Oxidative stress factors were evaluated in blood samples of all groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 and ANOVA statistical test.
Results: The results showed the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmia in rats exposed to particulate matter compared to the control group. Gallic acid significantly reduced the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias ventricular tachycardia (P=0.006), ventricular fibrillation (P=0.0005) and premature ventricular contraction (P=0.0041) in the particulate matter group. The Malondialdehyde levels in the particulate matter group showed a significant increase (P=0.0049) that this increase caused oxidative stress and reduced the levels of superoxide dismutase (P=0.00031) and catalase (P=0.0019) in the particulate matter group compared to the control group. The Gallic acid administration improved the levels of antioxidant enzymes.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that Gallic acid as a natural antioxidant agent could prevent cardiac complications caused by exposure to particulate matter.
Maryam Janbozorgi, Abassali Gaini, Siroos Choobineh, Mohamad Reza Tabandeh,
Volume 30, Issue 6 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with an increase in cellular damage due to oxidative stress in pancreatic tissue. The effect of exercise in different phases of the circadian cycle on protecting pancreatic tissue from oxidative stress in diabetic patients is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of endurance training in light and dark phases of circadian rhythm on the oxidative stress index in pancreas of diabetic mice.
Methods: In this study, 18 mice from the Naval Medical Research Institute (26±3.22 gr) were selected and after inducing diabetes through high-fat food and Streptozotocin injection (20 mg/kg), randomly divided into 6 groups: light phase healthy control, dark phase healthy control, light phase diabetic control, dark phase diabetic control, light phase diabetic training and dark phase diabetic training. The endurance training protocol (50-60 %Vmax) was performed 5 d/w for 8 weeks. After anesthesia, blood samples and pancreatic tissues were removed. Insulin resistance markers, oxidative stress index and expression of Brain and Muscle ARNT-Like1 protein expression were measured in pancreas of diabetic rats. Data were analyzed by one way analysis of variance at the significance level of p <0.05.
Results: The eight weeks of endurance training significantly decreased insulin resistance markers (p=0.005), oxidative stress index (p ˂0.05) and significantly increased the Bmal1 protein expression (p=0.009). The mean values of all variables showed significant differences between light and dark phases.
Conclusion: Endurance training may improve insulin sensitivity and oxidant damage in diabetic conditions by increasing the function of the antioxidant system and the expression of Circadian regulation proteins. Activity in the dark phase causes further increases the metabolism of cells. As a result, performing these types of exercises in the dark phase is recommended to these patients as a new treatment strategy.
Fatemeh Asadian, Mohammad Ali Takhshid,
Volume 30, Issue 7 (10-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Antioxidant defense system, including enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, protects cells from oxidative damage by neutralizing oxidant compounds. Increasing the production of oxidant species and decrease activity of antioxidant system causes oxidative stress. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of human diseases and strengthening of human antioxidant defense system in preventing and ameliorating of diseases have been shown in numerous studies. Therefore, identifying reliable oxidative stress markers for evaluating the beneficial effects of antioxidants in human diseases has been the focus of many studies over the past decades. Measuring free radicals and active species by flow cytometry, determining the total antioxidant capacity of body fluids, measuring the oxidation products of macromolecules, determining the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and changing the expression of genes related to the antioxidant system are among these methods. This review discussed the major advantages and limitations of these methods.
Conclusion: Due to limitations and potential confounding factors of the current markers of oxidative stress, an appropriate experimental protocol should be used for each study and caution should be taken in the interpretation of results. Furthermore, more than one method should be used to overcome the limitations of each marker.
Rahmatollah Parandin, Faeze Abbasi,
Volume 31, Issue 2 (5-2023)
Abstract
Introduction: Origanum Vulgare (Oregano) is a plant rich in antioxidant compounds and has therapeutic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Oregano alcoholic extract on complications of depression in reserpine-poisoned mice.
Methods: In this experimental study, 42 male BALB/c mice were divided into 6 groups of 7, including control (normal saline), negative control (reserpine), fluoxetine (positive control), and three reserpine groups treated respectively with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of Oregano via the intraperitoneal route. Depression was evaluated using forced swim test. Brain and serum total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde level were also determined. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software and One-Way ANOVA test. The significant was shown with (p≥0.05).
Results: Negative control group significantly increased immobility time and decreased swimming time compared to the control group in the forced swim test (p≥0.001) and the extract at levels of 200 and 400 mg/kg similar to fluoxetine significantly reduced the immobility and increased the swimming time (p≥0.001). Reserpine in the negative control group decreased the antioxidant capacity and increased the level of malondialdehyde in serum and brain compared to the control group (p≥0.001).Compared to the negative control group, the extract at the level of 200 mg/kg, similar to fluoxetine, increased the antioxidant capacity in the brain (p≥0.01) and decreased the level of malondialdehyde in the serum and brain (p≥0.001). In addition, the extract at level of 400 mg/kg similar to fluoxetine significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity and decreased the level of malondialdehyde in serum and brain (p≥0.001) compared to control group.
Conclusion: Oregano seems to have significant potential in reducing depressive symptoms and reducing oxidative stress due to its active antioxidant compounds.
Mohammadreza Nasirzadeh, Mir Hadi Khayatnouri, Saeed Taginasab, Pouya Navidi Far, Mohammad Bakhshi, Heidar Tayefesattari,
Volume 32, Issue 11 (2-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Vincristine (VIN) is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug used to treat various cancers. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural polyphenol found in numerous plant sources. Many studies have reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of resveratrol. In this study, the effect of resveratrol on kidney damage caused by vincristine in female mice has been investigated.
Methods: In this study, 36 female mice weighing 25-30 grams were randomly divided into four groups (n=9): 1) Control group, 2) Vin- group, 3) Vin-Res group and 4) Res group. The mice received vincristine at 3 mg/kg once a week for 4 weeks and resveratrol at 30 mg/kg daily for 28 days through gavage. At the end of the study, the fat peroxidation index (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in kidney tissue were measured. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation, and the significant differences among groups were analyzed using SPSS16, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: The findings indicated that in the vincristine group, levels serum of urea, creatinine, and MDA in kidney tissue were increased significantly compared to the control group (P=0.001).the TAC level and the activity level of GPX (P=0.001) and SOD (P=0.009) enzymes in the kidney tissue were significantly decreased in the vincristine group when compared to the control group (P=0.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the protective effects of resveratrol were probably attributed to its antioxidant properties and that it could reduce the kidney damage induced by vincristine.
