Showing 7 results for Iodine
Gr Asadi Karam, M Sajadi, M Sheykh Fatollahee, Ah Zangiabadi, L Naeimi, M Mahmoodi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (7-2004)
Abstract
Introduction: Endemic goiter due to iodine deficiency is one of the health problems in the developing countries.
Material & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 109 schoolboys and 92 schoolgirls, aged between 6 and 18 years in Rafsanjan city were selected randomly by proportionate-multistage cluster sampling method. All the students underwent clinical examination for presence of goiter according to criteria recommended by WHO, and urinary iodine excretion, T4, FTI and TSH were measured.
Results: The point Prevalence rate of goiter in boys and girls were 71.6% and 55.6%, respectively. Prevalence rates of Grade I and II were 51.3% and 12.9%, respectively. Urinary iodine excretion was normal in 68.1% (>10 μg/dl) mild in 30.6% (5-9.9 μg/dl) and moderate in 1.3% (2.1-4.9 μg/dl). Of 68.1% of schoolchildren with normal urinary iodine, 56.9% showed different grades of goiter. There was no relation between goiter stages and urinary iodine deficiency (P>0.05). T4, FTI and TSH in 96% of schoolchildren were normal. In 3%, TSH levels were more than the normal range (>3.5 μU/ml) and in 1%, T4 concentration was less than the normal range (<60 nmol/L). There was a meaningful statistical relationship between TSH concentration and goiter grades (P=0.044),. There were no significant relation between T4, FTI and different grades of goiter (P>0.05).
Conclusion: With respect to the fact that urinary iodine levels were normal in 68.1% of the students and thyroid parameters were normal in 94% of the subjects, the very high prevalence rate of goiter in the city of Rafsanjan seems to be due to certain unknown etiological factors which needs further studies
H Mozaffari-Khosravi, F Zare, Mh Farahzadi, M Afkhami-Ardakani, A Jafari-Nodushan,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (1-2009)
Abstract
Introduction: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are the most common epidemiological problems in the world, including our country. In order to prevent IDD and its consequences, iodized table salt is being used in our country since 1989. At present, this program is 18 years old. The surveillance of IDD may be implemented to assess the prevalence of IDD, identify high risk areas for intervention and monitor and evaluate IDD control programs. Aim of this study was to determine prevalence of goiter and urinary iodine rate in 6-11 year old primary school children in Chahak area of Yazd.
Methods: In this prevalence study, 530 primary school students aged 6-11 were selected by census. Thyroid examination and goiter classification was done according to WHO standards by one trained physician. From one–fourth of the total population, urine samples were taken and the household salt consumed by them was tested for iodine. Urinary iodine was determined by digestion method. Iodine of salt was determined by rapid test kit. Total goiter rate (TGR) was defined as sum of goiter grade I and II. Data was analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: TGR, goiter 2 and grade 1 in Chahak areas were 29.1%, 25.1 and 4%, respectively. Prevalence of goiter grade2 in girls and boys was 3.3 and 4.7%, respectively (PV=0.6).TGR in 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 age groups was 15, 26.5, 27.5, 21.7, 31.1 and 37.9 (PV=0.93), respectively. TGR in Chahak, Shahriyary and Bakhtyary villages was 20.8, 36.9 and 68.7 (PV<0.001), respectively. In general, urinary iodine of 19.3% of population was less than 100 μ/l, 51.3% was in the ideal range and 29.3% was more than 200 μ/l. Overall mean of the urinary iodine was 162.7+56.3μg/l. Mean of the urinary iodine in Chahak, Shahriyery and Bakhtiyary villages was155+54,185+51 and 149.6+68 μg/l, respectively (PV=0.01). All of the household salt samples had iodine of which 2.7% had 8ppm,68.7.% had 15ppm and 28.6 had above 30ppm.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that despite the relatively ideal range of urinary iodine in study areas, the TGR was greater than the WHO target value, especially in Bakhtiyary village. Thus, further investigations are needed for finding the other causes of this problem.
F Azizi, H Delshad, A Amouzegar, M Hedayati, M Hosseini, M Mehraein,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (8-2010)
Abstract
Introduction: Tremendous efforts towards the elimination of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) during the last two decades have controlled these disorders in most of the provinces in Iran. This study was performed to evaluate the adequacy of iodine supplementation after 17 years of universal salt iodization in Yazd province.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 1200 schoolchildren (600 girls and 600 boys) aged 8 to10 year-olds, randomly selected from Yazd province were evaluated in 2007. Goiter prevalence, urinary iodine excretion and iodine content of household salts were measured and the obtained data were compared to those obtained in 1996 and 2001.
Results: Total prevalence of goiter was 6.3% and no grade II goiter was seen. The median urinary iodine in 120 schoolchildren was 248 µg/L, with 5.8% (95% CI= 1.6-10) having urinary iodine excretion less than 50µg/L. Eighty six percent of households were using purified iodized salt, 48% of households had appropriate salt storage, and 5% of the household salts contained less than 15 µg iodide.
Conclusion: Goiter prevalence has significantly decreased in the Yazd province, 17 years after universal salt iodization. The median urinary iodine of schoolchildren was adequate as that reported in 1996 and 2001, indicating a well established sustainable IDD program in Iran.
A Davari, A Daneshkazemi, A Rezvani, B Taghinejad,
Volume 19, Issue 6 (3-2012)
Abstract
Introduction: In order to improve caries detection, invasive methods should not be used and caries detector is useful, and antibacterial solutions can be used as well as a biological method for caries detection. Aim of the present study was to differentiate sound dentin from infectious dentin by two coloring solutions: acid red and povidone iodine.
Methods: In this experimental investigation, 140 carious molar teeth were collected. Teeth were kept in normal saline solution in room temperature and were divided into two groups, A and B (70 samples in each group). Teeth in group A were painted by acid red 1% solution and in group B by povidone iodine 10% and the painted points were recorded. After omission of the painted points, all samples of group A were painted by povidone iodine (group C) and all samples of group B by acid red (group D) and the painted points were recorded again. Data was analyzed using chi-square and Mc-Nemar tests.
Results: Diagnostic accuracy of acid red for detection of dental caries was more than povidone iodine and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05).
Conclusion: It was concluded that the coloring power and accuracy of acid red is more than povidone iodine.
R Rostami, A Biravand, H Estabraghnia, Mr Aghasi, J Nourooz-Zadeh,
Volume 20, Issue 6 (3-2013)
Abstract
Introduction: Clinical evaluation of iodine deficiency disorders (IDDs) is often accomplished by assessment of urinary iodine excretion (UIE) in random samples however, the utilization of 24 hour urine samples is a more reliable biomarker of nutritional iodine status. This study was designed to evaluate total goiter prevalence (TGP) and iodine/creatinine ratio among school-aged children in Urmia County.
Methods: Schoolchildren (n=500) were recruited by cluster sampling from different educational areas in Urmia County. Goiter prevalence was assessed by thyroid palpation, UIE was determined by Sandell-Koltoff reaction, and Urinary creatinine was measured by the Jaffe-method.
Results: In general, TGP was 12.2%. Among these, there were 48 individuals (9.6%) with grade I goiter and 13 subjects (2.6%) with grade II goiter. Mean urinary creatinine, median UIE and median I/Cr ratio were respectively 1.36±0.76 mg/dL, 14.3µg/dL, and 11.5µg/mg. Prevalence of iodine deficiency according to UIE criteria was 22.8% and that of I/Cr ratio was 41.2%. There was a correlation between age and UIE (P=001 r=0.163). UIE and urinary creatinine were correlated as well (P<0.003 r= 0.133). A correlation was also detected between I/Cr ratios and UIE (P=0.003 r=0.133) whilst a negative association was seen between age and I/Cr ratios (P=0.001 and r=–0.263).
Conclusion: This investigation reconfirms that there is slight-to-mild iodine deficiency in Urmia County. The utilization of I/Cr ratio in conjugation with UIE and palpation may provide a better assessment in investigating nutritional iodine status.
V Jalili, Z Ashrafi, R Enezaremahdi, Hr Khalkhali, J Nouroozzade,
Volume 23, Issue 11 (2-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Biosynthesis of thyroid hormone and consequently the requirement for iodine have been established to increase during gestation mainly due to increased iodine demand by the fetus. Therefore, diminished iodine intake by the mother during early pregnancy eventually leads to the development of iodine deficiency disorders(IDDS) in the offspring. The present study aimed to explore the pattern of urinary iodine excretion during gestation in urban districts of Urmia County.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 40 women at 1st trimester were enrolled. Exclusion criteria consisted of history of miscarriage and thyroid malfunction. Random urine samples were collected at 1st -, 2nd – and 3rd trimesters. In fact, UIC was determined via the sandell-kolthoff-method.
Results: Median UIC at 1st- , 2nd- and 3rd trimester were reported 116.5 µg/L, 98.8 µg/L and 100 µg/L, respectively. Repeated measurement revealed no Significant differences in median UIC during gestation (P=0.2). Prevalence of iodine deficiency (UIC<150 µg/L) at 1st -, 2nd – and 3rd trimesters were 72%, 75% and 86%, respectively.
Conclusions: The findings of the present study revealed that median UIC (105.1 µg/L) among pregnant residents of Urmia County was lower than the values recommended by WHO for school-age children and non-pregnant women. Accordingly, prevalence of iodine deficiency (UIC<150 µg/L) was demonstrated to be substantially higher compared to those regions with adequate Iodine intake. These findings imply that pregnant women residing in urban districts of Urmia are iodine deficient.
Hossein Kaboli, Somayeh Haghighat,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (7-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: Borrago Officinalis has wide effects on rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disorder, gastrointestinal diseases, pulmonary disorders and skin allergies. This plant can be useful in wound healing process due to specific compounds. The aim of this study was comparative evaluation of the effects of Borrago Officinalis with iodine and phenytoin on wound healing.
Methods: This is an experimental research study performed on 20 mature mice, in four therapeutic groups, including the Borrago Officinalis extract, iodine, phenytoin and control groups. Cutting wounds in dorsal part of mice body were evaluated through healing rate and histopathology at days 3, 7, 10 and 14. Data were analyzed using SPSS software using ANOVA and TUKEY tests.
Results: The findings about the mean area and the increase in the rate of wound healing in the use of Borrago Officinalis were compared at the 3rd, 7th, 10th and 14th days; the results indicated that the Borrago Officinalis had a positive effect on healing wounds (P˂ 0.05). However, this effect is more rather than both the iodine and control groups, but is less than the phenytoin group. . From the viewpoint of histopathology, the findings indicated a significant decrease in terms of inflammatory factors in Borrago Officinalis group (P= 0.007). The phenytoin group in relative to granulation tissue and epithelial cell growth had a higher level than the other of the groups.
Conclusion: The results show the positive effect of Borrago Officinalis extract on wound healing. In comparison, this effect is less than the phenytoin and more than iodine. More studies are needed on different doses of this plant and its comparative effect with other common treatments for wound healing.
