Showing 3 results for Hepatitis B Vaccine
A Jafarzadeh, Hr Rashidi-Nejad , Gh Hassanshahi , J Montazerifar, A Mozafari, M Nejad-Ghaderi ,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (7-2006)
Abstract
Introduction: Vaccination with the major surface antigen of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) induces anti-HBs antibody production and level of 10 IU/L is considered protective. It has been shown that the level of anti-HBs antibody does wane after vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the persistence of anti-HBs antibodies in healthy Iranian children 10 years after primary vaccination.
Methods: Blood samples were collected from 146 children, 10 years after completion of primary hepatitis B vaccination course at birth. The sera were tested for anti-HBs, antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and HBsAg by use of ELISA technique.
Results: At 10 years after primary vaccination, 70 (47.9%) children had protective levels of antibody (anti-HBs> 10 IU/L) with mean titer of 68.1 IU/ml. Moreover, 45 (30.82%) children were negative for anti-HBs antibody. Distribution of children according to anti-HBs concentration revealed that the proportion of subjects with antibody titer of 0-10 IU/L, 10-100 IU/L, 100-500 IU/L and 500-1000 IU/L was 52.1%, 24.6%, 20.5% and 2.7%, respectively. All children were negative for HBsAg, although anti-HBc was positive in 11 (7.5%) children. There was no difference in the seroprotection rates of males and females.
Conclusion: The results of present study show that after 10 years after primary vaccination with recombinant HB vaccine, 47.9% of the children had protective levels of anti-HBs antibody. On basis of the HBsAg and anti-HBc results, it seems that effective immunological memory exists in children. Additional follow-up studies need to be conducted to determine the duration of protection.
N Nouri-Majalan ,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (4-2007)
Abstract
Introduction: Zinc deficiency causes abnormalities in immune response. In chronic hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, impaired immune responses to vaccination have been reported. Therefore, we performed a study to determine the correlation between serum zinc levels and immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in patients on dialysis.
Methods: A cross-sectional study including 95 CRF patients on dialysis (70 HD and 25 CAPD), (63 male and 32 female) with three dose regimens of vaccination against HBV was performed.
Results: Four months after vaccination, there were 34 (36%) patients with sufficient HBs Antibody response (HBs Ab≥ 10 mU/mL ) and 61 ( 64% ) patients with insufficient HBs antibody response( HBs Ab< 10mU/mL ). The mean serum zinc level was 23.35±3.87 micmol/L (13.20-33 micmol/L). The mean serum zinc concentration was significantly higher in patients with sufficient HBs antibody level than patients with insufficient HBs antibody levels ( 24.94±4.17 versus 22.15±3.46, P= 0.005 ). In logistic regression analysis, independent variables that correlated with sufficient HBs Ab level ≥ 10 mU/mL included higher mean serum zinc level [OR=1.44 (1.02-2.02), P=0.006 ] and female gender [OR=1.8 (1.01-4.01), P=0.048] . Factors found to be insignificant included type of dialysis, age, diabetes mellitus as a cause of ESRD, serum creatinine and albumin levels.
Conclusion: We conclude that failure to respond to HBV vaccination is significantly related to a low levels of serum zinc. However, clinical trial studies should be performed in order to confirm this finding.
Reyhaneh Mirzaei, Fahimeh Nemati Mansour, Mehdi Mahdavi,
Volume 26, Issue 7 (10-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Hepatitis is a systemic diseasethat causes liver inflammation. The prevention of this infection is a vaccination. The commonly used vaccine to fight this disease is to use the vaccine formulated with Alum. This vaccine cannot provide immune response and complete productivity in some people. In this study, cellular and humoral immune responses of hepatitis B vaccine were compared with hepatitis B vaccine formulated in MF59 adjuvant.
Methods: In this experimental study, Balb/c mice received different formulations of the vaccine subcutaneously three times with a two-week interval. Then, the mice were bled and the levels of anti-HBs Ag were determined by the ELISA method. IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-2 and IFN-γ / IL-4 cytokines were examined by the ELISA method from the soup of spleen cells culture. The data were analyzed using the GraphPad prism software ANOVA.
Results: IL-4 levels were significantly higher in alum vaccine than the vaccine formulated in MF59, also the IFN-γ cytokine level showed no significant difference between two main groups. TNF-α cytokine shows that alum vaccine is more secreted due to the high inflammation compared with the vaccine with MF59. Total antibody in the third injection, in some dilutions of the commercial vaccine was more than vaccine with MF59.
Conclusion: Significant decrease in IL-4 and antibodies indicates that the tendency of vaccine formulated in MF59 to induce cellular immune responses is higher than humoral immune responses. In addition, the safety and lack of side effects of the MF59 adjuvant can also be considered as another advantage.
