Showing 9 results for Cytotoxic
H Hadi-Nodoushan, M Mirahmadian, A Aflatoonian, F Akbari-Asbagh,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (7-2004)
Abstract
Introduction: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is defined as three or more consecutive miscarriages, which affects 0.8 to 1% of pregnant women. Despite several well-established etiologic factors, the cause of RSA cannot be determined in almost 60% of the cases. It has been postulated that a part of these repeated pregnancy losses might be due to immune causes.
Material and Methods: In the present case control study using flowcytometry, peripheral NK cytotoxicity was compared in three different groups. 21 women with history of RSA at the time of 3rd or higher abortion (Group I), 32 women with history of three or more previous abortions and at least three months had lapsed since the last abortion (Group II) and 32 pregnant women with no history of abortion and at least one successful pregnancy (Group III) were studied.
Results: Group I and Group II showed significantly higher NK cytotoxicity than Group III in all of the effect to target (E: T) ratios (P≤0.045 and P≤0.002 respectively). NK cytotoxicity was similar in groups I and II. There were no significant correlation between the number of abortions, age and NK cytotoxicity.
Conclusion: The results indicate an increased peripheral NK cell cytotoxicity in RSA groups as compared to pregnant control. NK cell cytotoxicity may be considered as a risk factor for RSA and for maintaining normal pregnancy, NK cell cytotoxicity may be down-regulated. Peripheral NK cytotoxicity is not elevated during first trimester in RSA women. It is suggested that detection of NK cytotoxicity in RSA women should be performed as a routine.
Sh Safaiean, M Asmar, M Farahmand,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (7-2004)
Abstract
Introduction: It is well known that marine microorganisms have been recognized as an important and untapped resource for novel bioactive compounds. Actinomycetes are gram positive bacteria showing a filamentous growth. They are a group of organisms widespread in nature and play a significant role in the future of drug development.
Materials & Methods : Marine bacteria strains of Streptomyces griscoloalbus were isolated from soft coral Sinularia erecta in Persian Gulf. Growth and fermentation character of the Streptomyces griscoloalbus were estimated. Cytotoxic activity of fermentation medium was tested by brine shrimp bioassay. Semi purification on the culture extract was performed.
Results: Toxic extract was applied on KB cells ( human epidermoid carcinoma of mouth ) and results of neutral red test were IC50= 4.19 g/ml from acetone extract and IC 50 = 44.97 g/ml. For methanol extract, cytotologic effects of the acetone extract on KB cells was studied and morphological changes were also studied.
Conclusion:The morphological changes in Kb cells due to the cytotoxic extract of the bacteria has made it a good candidate for the production of cytotoxic drugs in the future.
A Barkhordari, S Barzegar, H Hekmatimoghaddam, A Jebali, H Fallahzadeh,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (5-2012)
Abstract
Introduction: Regarding the increasing use of silicon dioxide nanoparticles in medical biotechnology and probable side effects and diseases resulting from its usage, this study was performed to assess the toxic effects of different concentrations of SiO2 nanoparticles on human blood mononuclear leukocytes using the MTT assay.
Methods: In this laboratory trial study, we prepared suspensions of blood mononuclear cells from 10 young healthy men and also different concentrations of the nanoparticles (1, 10, 100, 500, 1000 and 1500µg/mL). The cells were then incubated with these nanoparticles for 24 hours at 37 °c, and finally the percent of dead cells were measured by MTT assay kit using spectrophotometer reading at 490 nm after 6 and 24 hours of incubation. Positive and negative controls and blanking were applied, too.
Results: A significant difference was found in percent of dead cells between the different concentrations of SiO2 nanoparticles and also between the exposed cells and control group (p<0.05). There was increasing cytotoxicity in 6 hours as well as 24 hours exposure with higher concentrations of the nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity after 24 hours exposure to 10 µg/mL of nanoparticles was about 6 times that of the 1 µg/mL.
Conclusion: This study showed for the first time that SiO2 with a concentration of 1 µg/mL has cytotoxicity on human blood mononuclear cells. Cytotoxic effects of this nanoparticle are time- and concentration-dependent.
M Norizadeh Tazehkand, M Topaktas,
Volume 22, Issue 6 (2-2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Tetracyclic antidepressants-mirtazapin is one of antidepressants drug that exhibits both noradrenergic and serotonergic activity. It is commonly used to treat major depressive disorder. The genotoxic effect of mirtazapine has not been examined previously. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of mirtazapine on human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Methods: The genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of mirtazapine on human peripheral lymphocytes were examined by micronucleus (MN) test. The human lymphocytes were treated with 10, 25, 40 and 55 μg/mL concentrations of mirtazapine for 24 and 48 hours treatment periods.
Results: MN formation was not significantly induced at 24- and 48-h treatment periods when compared with control but Nuclear division index (NDI) significantly decreased at all concentrations for two treatment periods.
Conclusion: Mirtazapine was not genetoxic but was cytotoxic in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. According to this study mirtazapine has cytotoxic effects on human's cells.
Narges Nikoonahad Lotfabadi, Homa Mohseni Kouchesfehani, Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha, Seyed Mehdi Kalantar,
Volume 25, Issue 6 (9-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: In the present study, various formulations of cationic liposomes were designed and prepared using different cationic lipids. It was performed to assess the physicochemical properties, miRNA loading ability and cellular toxicity rates of liposomes in order to use in gene therapy.
Methods: Different cationic liposome formulations (F1-F4) containing various cationic lipids, DOTAP, DOTMA, DOAB and DDAB with DPPC, cholesterol and phospholipid DSPE-mPEG were synthesized. Prepared nanoparticles were evaluated in term of particle size, polydisparity index, surface charge and cytotoxicity for 48 and 72 h in two cell lines. By using gel electrophoresis, the ability of synthesized cationic liposomes to entrap miRNA was also compared.
Results: All formulations were mono-dispersed. The particle size in F1, which contained DOTAP was lower than others (F2-F4) and its surface charge was more than them. Cationic liposomes based on DOTAP had no significant cytotoxicity as compared to other formulations. Also, F1 formulation was more capable to entrap miRNA than other formulas.
Conclusion: DOTAP-based cationic liposomes can be used efficiently in the gene therapy process, especially for the transfer of miRNA as a new therapeutic agent in cancer therapy
Fatemeh Barzegari Firouzabadi, Shahrbanoo Oryan, Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha, Seyed Mehdi Kalantar, Ameneh Javed,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (6-2018)
Abstract
Introdution: The aim of this study was to investigate the physico-chemical properties, surface charge and cytotoxicity of nanocomposite formulations for the design of lipid nano-systems with maximum loading for nucleic acids in bone marrow cancer.
Methods For this study, six types of liposomes with different compositions were synthesized using DPPC, cholesterol, DSPE-mPEG (2000) and DOTAP. Then, nanosystems were evaluated for particle size, surface charge, cytotoxicity and loading rate of miRNA in two MG-63 and SaOs2 cell lines, which are human cell bone marrow cell lines.
Results: All nano-systems were monodisperse. Among the systems, the F6 formula has the lowest toxicity and the highest load of miRNA-143, due to the presence of a suitable amount of DOTAP and PEG phospholipid in the liposome structure.
Conclusion: Liposomal formulation with a suitable percentage of DOTAP cationic phospholipid can be used as a successful carrier for the transport of miRNA in the gene therapy process for the treatment of various cancers, especially metastatic types.
Alireza Aliabadi, Ahmad Mohammadi-Farani, Arash Haqiqi, Elham Khanlari,
Volume 26, Issue 11 (3-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer has been known as one the main causes of the death in the world. In recent researches, discovery of effective, selective and safe medications is a priority and emergency. In recent reports, the role of lipoxygenases (LOX) has been confirmed in neoplastic diseases. Some isoenzymes such as 5, 12 and 15 have more importance in the neoplasia. According to the efficacy of naphthalimides as LOX inhibitor, herein we explored the cytotoxicity of naphthalimide derivatives.
Methods: A basic study was carried out in the current research. The cytotoxicity of a new series of naphthalimide-based 15-LOX-1 inhibitors was evaluated in three cancerous cell lines namely SKNMC (neuroblastoma), PC3 (prostatic cancer), HT29 (colorectal cancer) using MTT protocol and the obtained data was compared to doxorubicin. Calculation of the IC50 of tested compounds was performed by regression analysis using Prism-6 software.
Results: Totally, all tested compounds exhibited inferior activity than doxorubicin towards HT-29, SKNMC and PC3 cell lines. SKNMC cell line rendered more sensitivity to tested compounds. Amongst the compounds 3a-3m, compound 3e (3-methoxy) and 3i (4-F) with IC50 = 5.92±1.78 µM and 10.04±1.7 µM were the most potent derivatives towards PC3 cells.
Conclusion: Although all compounds did not exert more potency in comparison with doxorubicin, some of them showed remarkable cytotoxicity. The potent derivatives could be introduced as novel lead compounds for development of new anticancer drugs.
Raziah Gholamian, Narges Nikoonahad Lotfabadi, Bibi Fatemeh Haghiralssadat,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (6-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: The use of The use of nanoparticles containing antioxidant and cytotoxic plant compounds can have a special place in the treatment of melanoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of pineapple fruit extract on skin cancer.
Methods: In the present experimental study, liposomal vesicles were prepared using cholesterol, soy phosphatidylcholine, and polyethylene glycol, and pineapple fruit extract was loaded in liposomes. Physicochemical characteristics were evaluated using zeta sizer, FTIR and AFM. Finally, the toxicity of different concentrations of extract and liposome-containing extract was evaluated in A-375 melanoma cell line using MTT assay. DPPH test was used to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the extract and liposomes containing extract. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel and SPSS (Ver 22) software and Duncan and Student's T-tests were used for statistical conclusion.
Results: According to this study showed the encapsulation efficiency of pineapple extract containing liposome, liposome size and its surface charge were 40%, 89.9 nm and -8.8 mV, respectively. FTIR analysis and AFM micrographs also confirm that there is no interaction of the extract with its nanosystem, the spherical morphology of the liposomes and its appropriate distribution and dispersion. The toxicity level of pineapple extract is higher when had been encapsulated rather than the non-encapsulated extract on the A-375 cell line.
Conclusion: Pineapple fruit extract has cytotoxic effects on A-375 cell line and the present liposomal nanocarrier can be a suitable carrier for the delivery of the extract and inhibit the growth and proliferation of these cells.
Mohammad Reisi, Leila Rouhi, Khalil Khashei Varnamkhasti,
Volume 29, Issue 10 (1-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers among men, with an increasing incidence and mortality rate. In the present study, cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of spirulina platensis extract on PC-3 prostate adenocarcinoma cell line were investigated.
Methods: In the present experimental study, the PC-3 prostatic cancer cells were treated in four experimental with 400, 200, 100 and 50 μg / ml extract of spirulina and incubated at 24 and 48 hours. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTS kit (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-Carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium, Inner Salt) and apoptosis was analyzed by flow- cytometry using an Annexin V-FITC/PI kit according to the manufacturer protocol in both times. Statistical analysis was accomplished by ANOVA and Duncan tests using FlowJo and SPSS 16 software.
Results: In the experimental groups treated with extract of spirulina, the viability of the cells showed a decrease compared to control group, while this decrease was more noticeable in the experimental group of 100 μg / ml at both incubation times (<0.0071).Increased incidence of apoptosis was significantly higher in the experimental groups than the control group. However, this increase was significantly higher than the control group at concentrations of 200 μg / ml in 24h incubation time (Ƥ < 0.0331) and 100 μg / ml of 48h incubation time (Ƥ < 0.0502).
Conclusion: Extract of Spirulina at specific concentrations reduced cell growth and induced apoptosis in PC-3 prostatic cancer cells. Evidence suggests that spirulina can be used as an anticancer drug for the treatment of prostate cancer.
