Showing 5 results for Cataract
Mr Shoja, A Miratashi,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (7-2005)
Abstract
Introduction: Exposure to systemic corticosteroids is known to be associated with a risk of cataract. This study was undertaken to determine the risk of cataract associated with the use of inhaled corticosteroids in old age.
Methods: A case-control study consisting of 160 people with cataract (case) and 160 controls matched for age and sex was conducted at Shaheed Sadoughi and Shaheed Rahnemoon hospitals of Yazd. Data gathered via a questionnaire and interview and analyzed by SPSS, Chi Square and ANOVA tests.
Results: There was no difference in age and sex between the two groups of case and control. In case group, 22(13.8%) and in control group 11(6.9%) persons (total of 33 patients) used inhaled corticosteroids that was statistically significant (P-Value=0.042). The odds ratio for the association between inhaled corticosteroids and cataract was 2.16 (95% CI 1.01 to 4.61). After adjustment for systemic corticosteroid exposure, the Odds ratio rose to 4.73 (95% CI 1.51 to 14.82). The association was stronger with increase in duration of use.
Conclusion: This case-control study showed an association between use of inhaled corticosteroids and increased risk of cataract, especially the posterior sub capsular type. But, in order to confirm these findings, other studies including experimental ones and similar groups in respect to other risk factors of cataract are needed.
Sh Behdad, Am Miratashi, V Ayatollahi, Mr Besharati,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (10-2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Cataract is an opacified lens and senile cataract is a common disorder. It is desirable to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in order to minimize intra and post operative difficulties and complications. Many researches have studied the effects of muscle relaxants on IOP. Comparison effect of atracurium and pancuronium on IOP has been evaluated in one study with a small sample size (N=20). In this research, we compared the effects of atracurium and pancuronium on IOP in patients undergoing cataract surgery
Methods: In a clinical trial study, ninety patients, ASA I, candidates for senile cataract surgery were randomly selected to receive either atracurium 0.5mg/kg or pancuronium 0.1mg/kg with fentanyl 2 g/kg and thiopental 5mg/kg for induction of general anesthesia. Before induction and 3minutes after endotracheal intubation, the IOP in both eyes was measured using Schiotz Tonometer. Data was analyzed using T- paired and chi square test.
Results: There were no differences in demographic data of the two groups. In atracurium group, the IOP didn’t have any significant changes. Three minutes after endotracheal intubation, the mean IOP decreased in the pancuronium group (2.98±3.25 and 2.56±3.51 mmHg in right and left eyes, respectively) (P=0.000 )
Conclusion: According to our data, attracurium has no effect on IOP, but pancuronium can decrease IOP in patients undergoing cataract surgery. It is therefore safe to use pancuronium and atracurium in general anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery.
Mohseni Kouchesfahani , Nabiuni, Delaviz, Bahrebar , Gheibi, Eslami,
Volume 19, Issue 5 (12-2011)
Abstract
Introduction: In this study the effect of vitreous humor on the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow to lens fiber-like cells was investigated.
Methods: In this experimental study bone marrow cells were collected by flushing femurs and tibias in NMRI mice. Immunocytochemistry by Oct4 antibody was used to confirm that the cells are stem cells. The mesenchymal character of these cells was proven by their adherence and by such flocytometery markers as CD44, CD31. In experimental groups, MSCs were cultured with DMEM and bovine vitreous body for induction. The supplemented medium was changed every two days. The expression of α –crystalline, as the marker of lens differentiation, was detected by immunocytochemistry.
Results: During the primary culture, the cell population was heterogeneous where varying morphologies such as flat, spindle-shaped, and polygonal were observed. In the subsequent passages, the number of the spindle-shaped cells appeared to increase, so that in passage 3 the majority of the cells seemed morphologically to be spindle-shaped.
Immunocytochemistery study confirmed the presence of stem cells using Oct4 antibody. The flowcytometric analysis of surface markers revealed that mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells express CD44 and CD31 to a low level. Morphological studies showed that most cells in experimental groups were locally longer and more aligned in parallel compared to control group cells. α –crystalline expression proved the formation of lens fiber-like cells.
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that MSCs derived from mouse bone marrow differentiate into lens fiber like cells by treating them with vitreous humor.
A Asgari, K Keshavarzi, Aa Parach,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (10-2013)
Abstract
Introduction: With the growing and rapid development of refractive surgery, researches focus increasingly on improvement of visual quality after cataract surgery. Intraocular lenses (IOLs) were a successful effort in the field of cataract surgery. Despite significant advances in cataract surgery, several complications related to surgical technique and IOL design after surgery can cause vision changes and reduce accuracy. Improvements in IOL design and surgical technique have a significant impact on the rate and extent of Tilt and Decentration effects. Because of small movement in modern intraocular lenses (aspheric), its performance can be significantly reduced, therefore aberration correction in the eye with an artificial lens requires to be more careful on IOL centration and location.
Methods: In this paper, the characteristics of intraocular lenses and devices used in the measurement and design of this lens are also taken into consideration. In addition, factors affecting the optical and visual acuity in cataract surgery such as Tilt and Decentration are presented. Additionally, materials in regard to computer simulation of optical models of the eye in research as well as optical computations in clinical situations are provided.
Conclusion: Finally, the findings revealed that obtaining optimal vision in cataract surgery requires precise measurement and computational techniques as well as an awareness of aberrations that may be created during or after surgery. Moreover, further research and improvement in the process of measurement and calculation will enhance the visual acuity in cataract surgery.
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Volume 26, Issue 11 (3-2019)
Abstract
jIntrodution: Cataract is a common surgery in older people. Nausea is an unpleasant feeling after general anesthesia that may cause serious effects on such patients. This article aimed to study the effect of pressure pericardium 6 on nausea after cataract surgery in elderly patients in the Khalili Hospital, Shiraz, Iran, in 1395.
Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial was done on 50 elderly patients in the intervention group and 50 in the control group. An hour before the surgery, the patients closed a 30-band wristband containing a push-button at the point (P6), and in the control group, the same wristband was closed without a button. Five hours after the induction of general anesthesia, the wristband was removed from both groups and nausea level of the patients were recorded immediately after their recovery at 8 and 12 hours after the surgery. After 5 weeks, the data were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16 and independent T-test (P-value < 0.05) .
Results: The results showed the meaningful difference in average severity and frequency of nausea 8 hours after cataract surgery in two groups (p<0.01). But the severity of nausea immediately and 12 hours after cataract surgery was not significantly different in both groups (p>0.159).
Conclusion: The finding showed that acupressure is effective in reducing the severity of nausea after cataract surgery. Due to low cost, low complication and simplicity of acupressure, it can be recommended as a way of caring by nurses and other medical staff in reducing nausea.