Showing 12 results for Aerobic Training
A Rashidlamir,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (5-2012)
Abstract
Introduction: Atherosclerotic heart diseases are the most important causes of mortality in most countries. ABCG1 transporter is responsible for making and forming of HDL particles and therefore probably plays a crucial role in prevention of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of two types of a single-session exercise (aerobic and resistance) on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMN) ABCG1 gene expression in female athletes.
Methods: Twenty four female athletes from Khorasan were randomly selected and assigned into three groups: control (N=8), aerobic (AE) (N=8), and resistance (RE) (N=8). Blood samples of subjects were collected before and after exercise sessions. PBMN cells were separated and m-RNA purification was performed by semi-quantitative PCR. Data was analyzed by paired sample T test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests by SPSS software (version 16).
Results: Results showed that expression of PBMN ABCG1 m-RNA was significantly increased following a single-session exercise in RE and AE groups, but the increase in the RE group was higher than AE group (P ≤0.001 vs. P ≤0.014).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that either resistance or aerobic exercise increases the expression of ABCG1 gene on PBMN cells in female athletes which leads to an improvement in reverse cholesterol transfer and cardiovascular benefits.
H Arazi , A Jorbonian, E Asghari,
Volume 20, Issue 5 (1-2013)
Abstract
Introduction: Physical activity plays a protective role against cardiovascular disease via reducing risk factors. The purpose of this study was to compare effect of concurrent (resistance-aerobic) and aerobic training on lipid profile, blood glucose and blood pressure in middle-aged men at risk for cardiovascular disease.
Methods: Twenty-nine untrained male volunteers 36-56 years old participated in this study. The subjects were randomly placed into one of three groups (aerobic, concurrent (aerobic & resistant) and control). Body mass index, body fat percentage, glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profile were measured at baseline and after exercise training. Training program lasted for eight weeks and it was carried out 3 times per week. Statistical tests of paired t and ANOVA were used for data analysis.
Results: Plasma TC, LDL, TG, glucose and HDL changed significantly with concurrent and aerobic training (p<0.05) but, there were no significant differences in triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), glucose low density lipoprotein (LDL) and systolic and diastolic blood pressures between concurrent and aerobic groups. Also, VO2max was elevated in the two training group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The result of the present study indicated that both aerobic and concurrent training resulted in improving the metabolic parameters related to cardiovascular risk in middle-aged men. However, each type of training also provides unique benefits.
P Yousefipoor, V Tadibi, N Behpoor, A Parnow, E Delbari, S Rashidi,
Volume 21, Issue 5 (12-2013)
Abstract
Introductoin: Increased level of serum IL-6 is related to development of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. The American Diabetes Association and the American College of Sports Medicine recommend that combination of resistance and aerobic exercise is favorable for patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise and concurrent (aerobic-resistance) exercise on serum IL-6 Levels and insulin resistance in Type 2 Diabetic patients.
Methods: In this study, from patients referring to Kermanshah Diabetes Association, 24 volunteers participated in the study as subjects and were divided into aerobic (n=8), concurrent (n=8), and control group (n=8) randomly. Training program for the aerobic group included 3 sessions of running per week with 60 to 80% maximal heart rate for 8 weeks but the concurrent group in addition to running, performed resistance training of major muscles groups. Before and after the intervention, body weight, BMI, fasting blood glucose, serum IL-6 and HOMA-IR were measured.
Results: HOMA-IR and fasting blood glucose were significantly decreased in both training groups after intervention, but showed no significant changes in the control group. No significant changes were observed for serum IL-6 levels, body weight or BMI.
Conclusion: performing 8 weeks of aerobic or concurrent training with improvement of insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose could be helpful for type 2 diabetic patients however, it cannot significantly affect serum IL-6 levels, body weight, or BMI in these patients.
M Tajik, A Rashidlamir, R Attarzadeh Hosseini,
Volume 23, Issue 5 (8-2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Follistatin can prohibit adipocyte hypertrophy through its role in regulating the synthesis of adipose tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of aerobic exercises and weight-loss diet on serum follistatin level in inactive middle-aged women.
Methods: 39 women with an average age of 39.43±3.6 were randomly divided into four experimental groups including: aerobic, step-by-step weight loss diet(n=10), aerobics followed by step-by-step weight loss diet (n=10) and low calorie weight lose(n=10). During eight weeks: the aerobic group exercised three days a week, the step-by-step weight loss group lowered the calorie intake by 20-40% gradually, the third group did aerobic exercise simultaneously keeping step-by-step weight loss diet three times a week, and the fourth group performed their plan by lowering the calorie intake by 40% in a steady way. Moreover, the study variables were measured before and after the interventionand, the study data were statistically analyzed utilizing paired samples t-test and one-way Anova test.
Results: Serum Follistatin levels significantly increased( p<0.05) in the groups of aerobics(1.86±0.17, 1.67±0.18), step-by-step weight lose diet(1.6±0.17, 1.5±0.21), and aerobics+ step-by-step diet(1.7±0.15, 1.55±0.17), respectively, whereas in the low calorie group, the level of serum follistatin(1.36±0.11, 1.47±0.16) significantly decreased(p<0.05).
conclusion: The method of aerobic excercise along with the step-by-step diet can lead to achieving a healthy weight loss by increasing follistatin level and stimulating the catabolic process of body fal mass. Moreover, it may cause no ersion of fat free mass.
M Hakimi, Sr Attarzade Hosseini ,
Volume 23, Issue 12 (3-2016)
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is a metabolic disorder that is caused by increased energy intake and reduced energy expenditure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on Irisin serum levels and lipid profile of overweight male students.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 24 overweight male students (age: 21.13±1.88 years and BMI: 25-29.9 kg/m2) were selected by purposeful and convenience sampling method, who were randomly assigned into control (n=12) and experimental (n=12) groups. The program involved training with 60-80 HRmax% for 3 sessions per week, 40-50 minutes per session lasting for 8 consecutive weeks. The control group, simultanonsly, continued their daily activities and did not participate in the aerobic exercise. Irisin serum levels and lipid profile of all subjects were measured before and after the training period. To make intra and intergroup comparisons, repeated measure analysis of variance was used, and the level of significance was set at P<0.05.
Results: Eight weeks of aerobic exercise led to a significant increase of Vo2max and HDL-C levels (P<0.05) as well as a significant decrease of weight, BMI, body fat percent and TC (P<0.05). In contrary, the variations of Irisin levels, Serum LDL-C, and TG did not demonstrate any significant changes (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Aerobic training, without making any changes in Irisin levels, can produce a positive effect on the increase of VO2max, improvement of body composition and decrease of lipid risk factors.
Ali Heidarianpoor, Zahra Razavi, Masoomeh Seif,
Volume 24, Issue 11 (2-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: Precocious pubertyin girls refers to onset of puberty before age 8. The purpose of this study therefore was the study of the effect of aerobic training and the use of GnRH agonists on estradiol serum levelsand Gonadotropins in girls with central precocious puberty.
Methods: Twenty-five girls with central precocious puberty (aged 7.44±0.34 years) participated in this study. Subjects randomly were divided in to the healthy control group ( Without precocious puberty) (n=10) and three experimental groups (drug group) n=10 aerobic exercise and( drug groups) n=8 and aerobic exercise group (n=7). In the experimental group, aerobic program prolonged for 12 weeks 3 days a week 20-60 min a day with 40-80% of Maximum heart rate and additionally GnRH agonists was used as medicine . The estradiol serum levelsand Gonadotropins were measured before, after, and after a follow-up program, respectively. BMI of subjects was measured to assess the effect of the aerobic exercises.
Results: Data analysis showed that the aerobic training led to decreased significantly estradiol serum levelsand Gonadotropins in the experimental group (aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise+ drug groups) (P≤0/05) The control group had no significant change in the index. BMI had no significant change in the drug group (P=0/06).
Conclusions: Considering to the results of this study it could demonstrate that aerobic training and GnRH agonists at the same time can lead to decrease the estradiol serum level sandimprove the Gonadotropins in precocious puberty girls. Aerobic training can also decrease the BMI in girls with central precocious puberty.
Ebrahim Banitalebi, Majid Mardaniyan Ghahfarrokhi, Mohammad Faramarzi, Samira Nasiri,
Volume 26, Issue 3 (6-2018)
Abstract
Introduction: Fatty liver is a condition in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of combined training on novel hepatic steatosis indices (fatty liver index (FLI), accumulation product (LAP), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), and Framingham steatosis index (FSI)) in women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: 35 female with type 2 diabetes were assigned to combined training (n = 17) and control (n = 18). Intervention consisted of combined (aerobic-strength training) for 10 weeks. Data were analyzed using dependent t test to compare pretest and posttest in each group. The Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the amount of changes in experimental and control training groups after 10 weeks.
Results: The results of the analysis of covariance showed that 10 weeks of combined training caused a non-significant decrease in HSI (P = 0.596), FSI (P = 0.312), FLI (P = 0.327) and a significant decrease in LAP (P = 0.334) compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The results show that 10-week combined training results in a significant decrease in LAP index and a non-significant reduction in FSI, HSI, and FLI indices of women with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, combined training recommended for improve the fatty liver in women with type 2 diabetes.
Aliasghar Zarezadehmehrizi, Hamid Rajabi, Reza Gharakhanlou, Naser Naghdi, Seyed Seyed Mohammad Ali Azimidokht,
Volume 27, Issue 11 (2-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Many studies have been done about the effects of exercise on angiogenic inhibitor and stimulator factors in muscles, but few studies have examined the role of these factors in the brain especially the hippocampus. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on gene expression of HIF-1α, VEGF and angiostatin in hippocampus of male rats.
Methods: 18 adult male Wistar rats (190±10 gr) were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, sham and aerobic training. Ratsin the training group performed 8 weeks of aerobic training (5 sessions per week) on a treadmill. 24 hours after the last session of exercise, rats were decapitated and the hippocampus were carefully removed and rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen, then stored at -80°C for further analysis. Real-Time-PCR method was used to measure the expression of genes in the hippocampus. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software. Comparisons between groups were performed by one-way ANOVA and followed by post-hoc analysis Tukey test. All statistically significant was set at P<0.05.
Results: The results showed aerobic training significantly increased mRNA levels of HIF-1α (P=0.001) and VEGF (P=0.001), but there was no significant difference in the mRNA levels of angiostatin (P=0.316).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study and changes in the levels of HIF-1α and VEGF, it seems aerobic training has helpful effects on brain especially on the hippocampus and this type of training is recommended for individuals.
Mahmoud Nikseresht,
Volume 27, Issue 12 (2-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Regular exercise training is a useful strategy to reduce inflammatory markers, but it is still unclear what type of training is better. Thus, this study compared the effects of 12-week of low-intensity resistance (Low-RT) and high-intensity interval aerobic training (High-IAT) on serum interleukin (IL)-6 levels and insulin resistance (IR) markers in obese and young men.
Methods In this quasi-experimental study, 38 obese and young men (age = 28.4 ± 5.2 years and body fat% = 27.5 ± 1.5) randomly assigned into a low-RT (n=14), high-IAT (n=12) and control (CON, n=12) groups. An age-matched control group of non-obese men (age = 27.0 ± 5.9 years, body fat% = 15.5 ± 2.6 and n=15) were also recruited for baseline comparison. Subjects performed the training programs (Low-RT: 10 exercises at 30-50% of 1-repetition maximum, and High-IAT: 16-minute of interval running at 80-90% of maximum heartbeat with a 3-minute recovery between intervals) for 12 weeks and 3-day a week. Data analyzed using SPSS version 18.
Results: The independent t-test showed that the concentrations of glucose (P = 0.01), insulin (P = 0.04) and IR-index (P = 0.02) in obese men was higher than the non-obese at baseline, but no significant difference was noted for IL-6 (P = 0.14). The 2-factor analysis of variance revealed that insulin and IR-index similarly and remarkably decreased in response to the training (P < 0.05), but remained unchanged with glucose and IL-6 (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: In summary, insulin resistance markers in the obese men group were higher than in the non-obese men group, but no significant difference was detected in IL-6 in these groups. Insulin and IR-index decreased remarkably and similarly after training programs, but no significant changes were found in glucose and IL-6.
Zahra Eshaghi, Abdolhamid Habibi, Seyed Reza Fatemi Tabatabaei, Gholamreza Goudarzi,
Volume 28, Issue 12 (2-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Scientific evidence suggests the role of environmental pollutants, especially particulate mater in oxidative stress. However, the regular aerobic training has an important role in enhancing antioxidant defense and resistance to oxidative stress. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of aerobic training on the oxidative stress condition of male Wistar rats exposed to particulate matter.
Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male rats (245 ± 8.5 g) aged 10 weeks, were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each. The rats received the infusion of the particulate matter for 6 weeks through the nose. The exercise program included 6 weeks of aerobic training with 50% of maximum exercise; at the end of 6 weeks of the program, 24 hours after the last exercise session, blood samples were taken. Descriptive one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used in different groups. If analysis were significant, differences between groups were estimated using LSD test. Significance was defined as P≤0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16.
Results: After 6 weeks of aerobic training, levels of Malondialdehyde in both groups: healthy exercise and particulate matter+exercise decreased significantly and in the infected group (P≤0.05), but did not show significant difference compared to the control group (P≥0.05). The level of Superoxide dismutase in the infected group showed a significant increase. There was no significant difference between the two Glutathione peroxidas and catalase enzymes in each group (P≥0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that aerobic training may be effective in reducing lipid peroxidation and enhancing antioxidant defense.
Behzad Dehghanizadeh, Ziya Fallahmohammadi, Abdolhossein Taheri Kalani, Sayed Javad Mirghani,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Introduction: Although exercise is an effective strategy for preventing and treating stroke, the extent of this effect seems to depend on when exercise begins. Apoptosis plays a critical role after stroke. However, it is unclear whether early exercise inhibits apoptosis after stroke? The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of early aerobic training after stroke induction on caspase-3 protein expression and apoptosis in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 32 adult male Wistar rats (weighting 210-252 gr) were purchased and randomly divided into four groups: sham, ischemia, training and ischemia+ training groups. Ischemia was induced by the occlusion of both common carotid arteries (CCA) for 45 min. Aerobic training was initiated at 24 hours after induction of ischemia, for eight weeks for 20-50 minutes and at a speed of 18-30 meters per minute in each session and five sessions per week. Forty eight hours after the last training session, rats were sacrificed, then using immunohistochemical staining technique of caspase-3 protein expression and the rate of cell apoptosis were measured by hematoxylin and eosinophil (H&E) staining method in hippocampus of rats.
Results: The expression of caspase-3 protein and apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats in sham and training groups were significantly lower than in the ischemia and ischemia+ training groups (both; p<0.0001). Moreover, in the ischemia+ training group, the expression of caspase-3 protein and apoptosis showed a significant decrease compared to the ischemia group (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that eight weeks of early aerobic training can reduce the lesions induced-cerebral ischemia by reducing the expression of cell death-causing factors.
Mohammad Ranaei, Ali Yaghoubi,
Volume 32, Issue 11 (2-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with increased inflammation in the spinal cord tissue of the injured individual. The purpose of present study was to examined how aerobic training along with resveratrol supplementation influenced on spinal IL-1β and IL-10 levels in rats suffering from SCI.
Methods: Forty-five male Wistar rats, eight weeks old, were divided into five groups: healthy, control, resveratrol, aerobic training and resveratrol+ training. Spinal cord injury was caused by dropping a ten-gram weight from a height of 25 mm on the spinal cord in the T10 segment. Resveratrol supplement with a dose of 10 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally and daily. The aerobic training was conducted utilizing the weight support system over a period of 4 weeks, with each session lasting 58 minutes and an intensity of 20 m/min. One-way ANOVA and the LSD post hoc test were applied at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The level of spinal IL-1β in the control group was significantly higher than healthy group (p=0.005). The level of this index was significantly lower in resveratrol (p=0.011), aerobic training (p=0.002), and resveratrol+training (p=0.016) groups than control group. The level of spinal IL-10 in control group was significantly lower than healthy group (p=0.011). The index in aerobic training and resveratrol+ training groups exhibited an elevation relative to the control group, although this difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Aerobic training along with resveratrol supplementation can have positive effects on the inflammation of the injured area due to SCI and possibly prevent secondary injuries and side effects of SCI in the injured area of the spinal cord of these subjects.
