Journal of

---

Introduction: Reduced quality of life in cardiac patients and their frequent hospitalizations in the coronary care units is regarded as a main challenge for such patients. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effectiveness of healthy lifestyle promotion intervention on quality of life in patients with congestive heart failure via cognitive-behavioral procedure.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, assessment in pretest, posttest, and follow-up along with the control group were applied. Twenty-six patients with congestive heart failure were selected via convenience sampling among patients attended to Shahid Rajaee Heart hospital in Tehran. Then, they were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=11; under administration of healthy lifestyle promotion intervention via cognitive-behavioral procedure during eight group sessions once a week) and control group (n=15). Quality of life was measured for all the participants in three phases of pre-test, post-test and follow-up by Questionnaire of Quality of Life in Patients with Heart Failure (IHF-QoL) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS).

Results: According to the results of variance analysis with repeated measures, this intervention was proved to have short-time effects on quality of life and its psychological components (P<0.001). Following the therapy termination, patients were returned to baseline, though the effect of intervention on depression was continued within 2 month follow-up (P<0.001).

Conclusion: In regard with the effectiveness of healthy lifestyle promotion intervention via cognitive-behavioral procedure in improving quality of life and its psychological aspects, as well as high costs of hospital and prolonged treatment for these patients, applying this intervention in a permanent manner seem to be beneficial.

---

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the most common and important disease factors imposed by the modern lifestyle, in particular by reduced physical activity and an unbalanced lipid-rich diet. One of the best methods for treatment of hypertension is the use of medical herbs that have moderate effects on blood pressure such as Olive (Olea europea L.). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of olea europea L. Leaf on blood pressure and its interaction with adrenergic system of male rats

Methods: In this experimental study, 10 adult male wistar rats weighing between180-250g were used. They were divided into two groups (each group contained 5 rats) randomly: olive leaf extract group and olive leaf extract and adrenaline group. Then, each rat was anesthetized by IP injection of 1.2 g/kg urethane. After tracheostomy, the femoral vine and artery were cannulated for drug injection and blood pressure recording respectively. Arterial cannula for recording arterial blood pressure connected to a pressure transducer linked to Power lab. Blood pressure parameters (systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure) were recorded before and after IV administration of hydroalcoholic extract of olea europea L. leaf, solvent, adrenaline and olive leaf extract with adrenaline.The data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: The results showed a significant decrease of systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures in comparison with the control and sham groups (P<0.05). Also, a significant decrease of blood pressure showed in presence of olive leaf extract and adrenaline with compare to the sham group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: It can be concluded that olea europea L. leaf may suggested as a hypotensive agent. It seems that this effect is due to the inhibition of the adrenergic system

---

Introduction: The mitral valve prolapse is a heart syndrome that is characterized by considerable physical and psychological consequences for affected patients. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing worrying, generalized anxiety and panic attacks in patients with mitral valve prolapse.

Methods: This study is quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest and control group. 16 patients with mitral valve prolapse divided into to two groups: experimental (n = 8) and control (n = 8) groups. CBT was used during 10 sessions twice a week with a focus on cognitive restructuring, modification of cognitive distortions and training of behavioral techniques for the experimental group. For participants health  concerns spot and doush (HCQ), Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD- 7) and Albania panic scales as pre-test, post-test.

Results: Data were analyzed by covariance analysis. The results showed that worrying, anxiety, and panic attacks significantly reduced in the experimental group.

Discussion: Cognitive behavioral therapy is remarkably effective for reducing fear, anxiety and panic patients with mitral valve prolapse. Therefore, it is recommended for the patients with mitral valve prolapse that cognitive behavioral therapy can be used as a complementary therapy.

---

Introduction: Cisplatin is a widely used anti-cancer drug, which its application is limited by nephrotoxicity. In this study, the effect of pretreatment with different l-arginine doses on Cisplatin-induced renal functional injury was investigated.

Methods: 63 male rats were divided into 7 groups: In groups 3, 4, 5 and 6, 60 min before the Cisplatin injection (5mg/kg); L-Arginine with doses of 50,100,200 or 400mg/kg was injected, respectively. In group7, normal saline was injected before Cisplatin administration. In groups 1 and 2, normal saline was injected instead of Cisplatin. In group 2, 60min before normal saline injection, 400mg/kg L-Arginine was administered and in group1, instead of L-arginine, normal saline was injected too. Injections were intraperitoneal. 72h after Cisplatin injection, blood sampling and plasma separation were done. Urine sample was collected 24 hours before blood sampling by metabolic cage. The mean of plasma urea and creatinine levels and creatinine clearance (ml/day.kg) and fractional excretion of Na (FENa, %) were compared among different groups as renal functional parameters.

Results: In comparison to group 7, L-arginine injection in a dose of 400mg/kg led to significant amelioration of all parameters. 200 mg/kg L-arginine administration led to significant decrease in plasma urea level and FENa. 100mg/kg L-arginine caused significant improvement in fractional excretion of sodium. L-arginine injection with 50mg/kg dose, significantly ameliorate all renal function tests instead of creatinine clearance.

Conclusion: Pretreatment with L-arginine administration with 400 or 50 mg/kg doses, respectively, had the highest effect on reducing Cisplatin-induced nephropathy. L-arginine injection with intermediate doses i.e. 200 or 100 mg/kg had less effect in reducing Cisplatin-induced nephropathy and it needs more investigations.

---

Introduction: VCAM-1 and Tie1 are endothelial molecule and receptor, respectively that may participate in atherosclerosis disease. Endothelial cells are very sensitive to mechanical forces, including microgravity and the morphological and functional changes in this condition. To examine the effect of gravity on atherosclerosis disease, we analyzed the expression of VCAM-1 and Tie1 genes in microgravity condition in HUVEC cells.

Methods: The research method was experimental. HUVEC cells purchased from Pastor Institute. We used a clinostat to simulate microgravity condition for 2, 24 and 72 hours. Real time PCR technique was used for gene expression analysis after extraction of RNA from cells.

Results: Our results showed that microgravity led to a significant decrease in gene expression of
VCAM-1 and Tie1 (p<0.05).This response remained similar after 72 hours of exposure to microgravity.

Conclusion: It seems that weightlessness has a positive impact on reducing the factors causing atherosclerosis and can be used as a new strategy in the treatment of the atherosclerosis disease. Microgravity also can be used to study development and progression of vascular disease.

---

Introduction: Aging increases the probability of the concurrent incidence of osteoporosis and hypertension. It is demonstrated that antihypertensive drugs can affect bone metabolism. The object of this study was to evaluate the effects of antihypertensive medication on bone mineral density of maxilla and mandible in males over 50 years old using CBCT.

Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 174 CBCT images belong to males over 50 years old were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the history of using antihypertensive drugs by the patients, these images set into three groups: control group who did not have any history of hypertension, beta blocker users group (at least 5 years) and calcium-channel blocker users group (at least 5 years). Bone mineral density in each jaw was obtained in four regions using CBCT and the mean of these four values in each jaw was taken as the mean mineral density of that jaw. One-way ANOVA analysis and Tukey post hoc test were used to compare the mean values.

Results: In beta blocker group, the mean of mineral density of all regions of maxilla except for incisor region was significantly greater than that for the control group. The difference between these two groups in mandible was statistically significant only at the mean of lower jaw. There was no statistically significant difference between the control group and the calcium-channel blocker group at all regions of maxilla and mandible.

Conclusion: It may be preferred to use beta blockers instead of calcium channel blockers to control hypertension in the patients at risk for osteoporosis.

---

Introduction: The cancer stem cells are the small population of cells in tumor tissue with the ability of self-renew and differentiation into other tumor cells. Targeting these cells has great importance in the treatment of cancer and prevent cancer recurrence. Milk thistle is the plant of the Asteraceae with the scientific name of Silybum Marianum. However there is no report about the effect of Silibilin on mammospheres. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silibinin on the ability of self-renewal, growth and stemness genes expression and markers of MCF-7 cell line derived mammospheres.

Methods: In this study, the viability of the MCF7 derived mammospheres were treated with silibinin for 72h using MTS test and 50% lethal dose (IC50) have been evaluated, respectively. Next, untreated and treated mammospheres with silibinin were investigated for the ability of invasion, colony and sphere formation, expression of stemness genes expression includes Oct4 and KLF by real time PCR.

Results: Our data showed that silibinin decreased the MCF-7 cells in the mamospheres with a dose dependent manner. Silibinin at dose of 150 µM (IC50) reduced 4.6 and 11.2 fold the ability of sphere and colony formation respectively. Also invasion and expression of stemness genes significantly decreased.

Conclusion: Due to reduction of growth, colony and sphere formation, as well as reduction of invasion and expression of stemness genes, Silibinin can be a good candidate for targeting of cancer stem cells.

---

---

Introduction: Office bleaching is one of the conservative and common treatments for teeth discoloration. Because of increasing shelf life, most of the whitening gels contain a pH near 2 and that is below the critical level, which caused the enamel demineralization. The aim of this research was investigating the clinical study of changing the bleaching agent's pH for improving the color of discolored teeth.
Methods: This clinical study was performed on 36 volunteer patients for bleaching. Patients were divided randomly into three groups. Patients received an office bleaching treatment sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide at pH 8 and 10 and in the control group pH was 6.4. For changing the pH of bleaching agent, it was used 2.5 molar NaOH solutions. Color evaluation was performed in 2 maxillary central of patients with Easy Shade device (vita, Germany) before, immediately and one week after bleaching. Then,  ΔE for each tooth according to the criteria a, b and l was calculated. Data were studied by Bundle SPSS20 and ANOVA Two-way statistical tests and multiple comparison of Tukey. Meanwhile, the 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Changing of color before and after bleaching in each group was significantly different (p-value< 0/05), but pH between the groups has no statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: Due to the limitations of this study, it seems that there is a similar effect in improving the color of teeth in three groups, soit is better to prevent the destruction of tooth enamel it is used the pH above the critical level of demineralization

---

Introduction: Coronary heart disease is the most common cause of myocardial ischemia. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of resveratrol and aerobic exercise together and singularly on some cardiovascular risk factors in rat model of acute heart failure due to isoproterenol application.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 46 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups randomly as follows: the healthy control (CON), isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction without implementation (ISO), resveratrol treated rats (ISO+RES), exercise treated rats (ISO+EXE) and combination of resveratrol and exercise groups (ISO+RES+EXE). Rats in the resveratrol groups received daily dose of 25 mg/kg/bw of resveratrol and exercise groups ran 1 h/d and 8 weeks on treadmill. Subsequently, all animals received subcutaneous isoproterenol on two consecutive days at the end of experiment. Then, animals anesthetized and blood samples were collected for analysis.
Results: The results showed that pretreatment with a combination of resveratrol and aerobic exercise led to a significant reduction in troponin-I in the animals. Also, exercise training, resveratrol and combinations of them were prevented the increasing CRP indices, but there was not significant effect in these groups (P> 0.05). Pretreatment with exercise training as well as combination of resveratrol and exercise training caused a significant decrease serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were compared to the isoproterenol group (P≤ 0.001). Pretreatment with resveratrol, exercise training and a combination of both significantly increased in HDL-C and pretreatment only in mixed group led to significant decrease in LDL-C compared to the isoproterenol group (P= 0.001).
Conclusion: Regular exercise and resveratrol supplementation is likely to be effective on cardiovascular risk factors and the combination of the two variables in the prevention of inflammation and will have a significant role in heart damage caused by myocardial infarction

---

Introduction: The aim of the present research was to investigate the intervention of exercise and saffron supplement on predictors of cardiovascular diseases.
Method: The present research was a semi-experimental and applied study. For this purpose, 40 sedentary women were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control, saffron supplement, resistance training-placebo, and resistance training-saffron extract groups. The subjects performed resistance training protocol for 12 weeks. Also, the supplement group received 40 mg of saffron extract. Anthropometric and experimental evaluations were done before and after 12 weeks as pre-test and post-test to investigate the supplement and training interventions. The statistical tests that were run in this study were one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD Post hoc test.
Results: The results showed that there was not any significant difference between the different groups in all variables except triglyceride (P < 0.005). LSD post hoc test showed that there was a significant difference between the control group and training with saffron group in variables of CRP, LDL, and insulin resistance (P < 0.005). Inaddition, there was a difference between saffron group and control group only in variable of LDL (P < 0.005). This indicated the special role of saffron in LDL. On the other hand, the results showed there was a significant difference between training-saffron group and placebo in all the variables except the variable of triglyceride (P < 0.005).
Conclusion: Resistance training with and without saffron supplement within 12 weeks is an efficient way to improve cardiovascular risk factors. Also, saffron supplement along with resistance training has relatively better and more efficient effects.
 

---

Introduction: Effects of many flavonoids have been studied on memory, learning and improvement of Alzheimer. Many flavonoids are effective in the improvement of Alzheimer. Since no study has been conducted on the effect of salvigenin on memory and learning, our aim was to examine the effect of this flavonoid.
Methods: Intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose at a dose of 120 mg / kg was used for 45 for creation of Alzheimer disease model. In this experimental study, 28 male wistar rats weighing approximately 200-250 grams were divided into 4 groups with 7 members, including: normal group: rats that received no drugs, control group: alzheimer disease model rat, which had been stricken to Alzheimer by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose at a dose of 120 mg/kg and 1, 2 salvigenin groups: in which each group was the same as the control group. Furthermore, they received daily 10 or 20 mg/kg of salvigenin by gavage. In order to evaluate memory, shuttle box and passive avoidance learning was used 2 and 7 days after learning. To assess the mRNA expression rate of BDNF, the entire RNA of hippocampus was isolated and after synthesis of Complementary DNA (cDNA), real time and PCR were done and relative expression of mRNA was evaluated.
Results: The results showed that daily administration of different doses of salvigenin can slow down Alzheimer's induction. The delay duration in entering the dark compartment in trained rats in the treated group was significantly more than the control group. mRNA expression rate of BDNF in salvigenin receiving groups was more than control group.
Conclusion: Generally it can be concluded that salvigenin can improve the memory caused by Alzheimer and also increase mRNA expression rate of BDNF in Alzheimer's rats.

---

IntrodutionThe purpose of this study was investigating the effect of endurance training on protein expression of CGI-58, ATGL and serum levels of insulin and glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Methods: 24 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups of eight, including diabetic group with endurance exercise (D-E), diabetic (D) and healthy control groups (Con). After induction of diabetic rats by injection streptozotocin was administered intraperitoneal , endurance exercise was applied for eight weeks, three sessions pre week in diabetic rats. Exercise intensity was equal to a speed of 21-25 m / min. The relative expression of CGI-58 and ATGL protein was measured with western blot technique and serum insulin and glucose levels were measured with a specialized kit. One-way ANOVA test was performed using SPSS-20 software and at a significance level less than 5%.
Results: Results showed that ATGL and CGI-58 values were significantly different between the three groups (p <0.001). ATGL difference between the groups of diabetic group with endurance exercise with control (p = 0.001) and diabetic (p = 0.001)was significant. CGI-58 difference between the groups of diabetic group with endurance exercise with control (p = 0.001) and diabetic (p = 0.002) was significant. In addition, serum glucose and insulin levels decreased significantly after eight weeks of training (p <0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that CGI-58 play a vital role in activating lipolysis by ATGL and increasing in CGI-58 leads to an increase in ATGL and ultimately leads to increased levels of intramuscular triglyceride oxidation and improved insulin resistance.

---

Introduction: Currently, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is recognized as an important pathogens in all age groups throughout the world. Living as group and lack of health facilitate the rapid spread of infection. CMV-reactive syndromes are commonly associated with the development of T-dependent immune deficiencies, such as those infected with HIV. The CMV alone can also reduce T lymphocyte responses. Therefore, CMV is an important factor in the advanced stages of AIDS. This study was performed to determine the seroepidemiological status of CMV in HIV positive patients in Yazd province.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on all records of HIV-positive patients registered at the Behavioral Disease Advice Center of Yazd province from 2002 to 2015. Patients' information was extracted from the cases by sex, year of birth, nationality, education, occupation, HIV status, blood CD4, Anti CMV IgM and Anti CMV IgG level.
Results: Out of 71 cases, 45 cases were male and 26 were female. 48 people aged 35-64 years old and 67 had Iranian nationality. Most of them are unemployed or housewives, and have a primary and secondary education. 90.2% of the patients were injection drug users and / or had unsafe sex contacts. Blood CD4 levels in more than 80% of patients were from 200 cells / μl to more than 500 cells / μl. Anti CMV IgM was negative in all patients and Anti CMV IgG was positive in all patients.
Conclusion: Findings of the study show that all HIV positive patients in all age groups are infected with CMV and there is no significant relationship between gender, age, education, HIV status, CD4 blood levels and the incidence of CMV infection.


 

---

Introduction: Fatty liver is a condition in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of combined training on novel hepatic steatosis indices (fatty liver index (FLI), accumulation product (LAP), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), and Framingham steatosis index (FSI)) in women with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: 35 female with type 2 diabetes were assigned to combined training (n = 17) and control (n = 18). Intervention consisted of combined (aerobic-strength training) for 10 weeks. Data were analyzed using dependent t test to compare pretest and posttest in each group. The Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to compare the amount of changes in experimental and control training groups after 10 weeks.

 Results: The results of the analysis of covariance showed that 10 weeks of combined training caused a non-significant decrease in HSI (P = 0.596), FSI (P = 0.312), FLI (P = 0.327) and a significant decrease in LAP (P = 0.334) compared to the control group.
 Conclusion: The results show that 10-week combined training results in a significant decrease in LAP index and a non-significant reduction in FSI, HSI, and FLI indices of women with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, combined training recommended for improve the fatty liver in women with type 2 diabetes.
 

---

Introduction: Ability of tooth shade segregation by A dentists is very important. Assessment of tooth shade selection by dentists is one of the most basic investigations. In this survey, dentistry students’ ability of tooth shade selection and their progress by education was evaluated.
Methods: This study was done on 59 Dentistry Students of Shahid Sadoughi Dental School of Yazd. 32 of the students were studying in the 9^th semester and 27 were in the 11^th semester. For assessment of tooth shade selection ability, dentistry students were asked to adapt 4 composite samples to Vita Classic shade guide.

Results: The ability of complete shade matching was seen only in %5.1 and ability of 3, 2, and 1 or less color segregation sequence was seen in% 35.5, %33.9 and %25.5 respectively. The ability of shade selection was better among the students of the 11th semester than the students of the 9th semester (P value=0.004). Sex has no effect on ability of shade selection by students (for 9th semester P value = 0.198 and for 11thterm, P value = 0.495). There was no significant difference between using glasses or lenses compared to students direct vision In two semesters.

Conclusion: In this study, seen education improved the ability of shade selection by students but sex or wearing glasses or lenses was not effective.
 

---

Introduction: In the recent decades, the prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae beta-lactamase producing strains has a significant role in nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of different types of CTX-M enzymes among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, during six months, K. pneumoniae strains were isolated from laboratory ward of Babol educational hospitals and referred to microbiology laboratory of Babol University of Sciences for final confirmation. Thereafter, antibiogram pattern analysis and the frequency of CTX-M1 and CTX-M15 genes were evaluated. Finally, the results were analyzed by SPSS version 24 software.
Results: During six months of this study in 2017, 65 K. pneumoniae and also other bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii were collected from laboratory ward of Shahid Beheshti and Ayatollah Rouhani Hospitals. By disc diffusion method, the highest resistance belonged to Amoxicillin (91%), Cefoxitin (45%), Piperacillin (45%) and the lowest belonged to Amikacin (24%) and Imipenem (0%). On the other hand, the percentage of CTX-M1 and CTX-M15 genes were also found to be 62% and 69%, respectively.
Conclusion: Regarding to the high prevalence of strains containing broad-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes and due to the antibiotic resistance among K. pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical specimens and also by considering this issue that the current study was the first research for evaluating the frequency of these genes in Babol educational hospitals therefore, it is necessary to adopt appropriate drug regimens to reduce antibiotic resistances

---

Introdution: The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between attachment styles and quality of life in the patients with multiple sclerosis in Tehran.
Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study was all the patients with multiple sclerosis referred to Sina Hospital in Tehran in 1396. By using the sample size calculations in structural equations and available sampling method, 354 participants were selected as a sample size. In order to measure the variables, the cognitive emotion regulation strategies Questionnaire (Garnefski et al., 2001) (), Hazan and Shaver Attachment Styles (1990) and World Health Organization Quality of Life (1997) were used. The proposed model was evaluated by structural equation modeling using SPSS21 and Smart-Pls 2 and Amos-22 softwares. The technical characteristics of the questionnaire, including reliability, convergent validity and divergent validity were investigated. Moreover, path coefficients and software significance coefficients were used to examine the research hypotheses.
Results: The results of the present studyshowed that cognitive emotion regulation strategies have a mediating role in attachment styles and quality of life.
Conclusion:  Therefore, the results of the study can lead to a better understanding to promote mental health after the onset of multiple sclerosis

---

Introdution: The inappropriate nutrition is one of the reasons for non-communicable diseases. Consumption of a variety of sweets with high saturated fatty acids content is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver, insulin resistance, and so on. This study was conducted with the aim of collecting information on the types and amount of saturated fatty acids in Iranian traditional sweets.
Methods: A total of 369 samples (packed and unpacked) from 23 types of Iranian traditional sweets were randomly purchased from different brands  in Isfahan supermarkets and their saturated fatty acid content was measured by gas chromatography.
Results: The total average of the saturated fatty acid content of all samples was 38.6% in total fat. The highest amount was found in Loz (92.4%) and the lowest content was measured in Nan-khormai and cake Yazdi (less than 20%). Most of the samples (80.5%) had 20-50% of saturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids of C16:0, C18:0 and C20:0 were found in all samples and C16:0 had the highest total mean of saturated fatty acid (25.9%). The labeling of some sweet products was associated with reduction in their saturated fatty acid content.
Conclusion: Considering the high level of saturated fatty acids in some types of Iranian high consumption sweets, mandatory labeling of traditional sweets in order to enhance the consumer's awareness of the solid fats content as well as the consumer's awareness of the harmful effects of these fats on the body health can be effective in preventing various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases.

---