Showing 5 results for Rahbar
Ma Motlagh, Mr Rahbar, Mj Kabir,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (Autumn 2008)
Abstract
Decentralization is the process of dispersing decision-making closer to the point of peripheral area, service or action. Basically decentralized governance, if properly planned and implemented, offers important opportunities for enhanced human development. The studies about this issue in different countries show that most of the decentralizations have been implemented in European countries and in comparison, the Middle East countries have been utilized lower degrees of the decentralization process.
In fact, decentralization in the health system is a policy pursued for a variety of purposes including increase in service delivery effectiveness and equity, improving efficiency and quality, fairness of financial contribution and planning for choosing the most appropriate interventions for the health priorities in peripheral regions. To implement decentralized governance, there is a spectrum of different choices that the government should regulate their degrees. Providing an appropriate atmosphere for decentralization is essential, otherwise lack of planning and achievement can result in complications for the system.
L Ajori, M Masoumi, H Rahbari, K Ahmadi,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (March-April 2010)
Abstract
Introducion: Few studies to date have shown the adverse effects of prolonged latent phase. Related factors, maternal and fetal outcomes of prolonged latent phase were studied in order to prevent these effects.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 224 women were assessed at Shohada hospital by using questionnaire, examination and follow up to calculate the latent phase duration up to 3cm dilatation.
Results: Of the total, 22.8% had prolonged latent phase and there was no difference in the maternal and fetal age/weight, gravid and parity. 41.2% were nulipars. None of the cases had delivery trauma, but 4 out of 7 meconium aspirated cases, 2 out of 6 hospital admissions, and both the 2 cases admitted in NICU were in prolonged latent phase group. None of the infants in this group had APGAR less than 8. There was no significant difference between APGAR<6 and meconium aspiration cases in the two groups. Massive post partum bleeding, cesarean section, and fever during/after delivery showed a significant difference. Other variables didn’t show any significant difference. Parity had a direct correlation in the normal group and indirect correlation in theprolonged latent phase duration group.
Conclusion: Maternal age and weight, gravid, parity, infantile weight, gender and gestational age have no effect on latent phase duration. The more the parity, the more prolonged the latent phase and this leads to more cases of cesarean section, fever during/after delivery and post-partum bleeding.
Z Gomarian, Mh Shahhosseiny, M Bayat, Ma Mahmoudi, T Nafarieh, M Rahbar,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (Jun-Jul 2015)
Abstract
Introduction: S. aureus, the second most common cause of nosocomial infections, is regarded as an important factor in the severe infections of the community. Methicillin-resistant strains of this bacterium involve a major pathogen which can cause disease and mortality in Iran and the world. Its treatment seems to be difficult due to the prevalence of resistance to most commonly-used antibiotics. In fact, methicillin -resistant strains need to be identified precisely and rapidly. Therefore, this study intended to assess the resistance to methicillin via the disk diffusion method and PCR for mecA gene.
Methods: This study was conducted on 100 strains of Staphylococcus aureus collected from clinical various samples of Moheb and Milad hospitals in Tehran. Sensitivity to antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method and gene resistance (mecA) was examined by PCR method. Moreover, specific primers were explored and the results were compared.
Results: The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains by the disk diffusion method was 50% (n=50), whereas 74% (n=74) were determined to have mecA gene via PCR analysis. Out of these 100 samples, 61 samples belonged to Moheb hospital, among which 47.54% (n=29) were observed to be methicillin-resistant by disk diffusion method and 60.65% (n=37) via PCR method. Other 39 samples were obtained from Milad Hospital, of which 84/53% (n=21) demonstrated resistance to methicillin via disk diffusion and 87/94% (n=37) via PCR method.
Conclusions: The study findings revealed that due to high prevalence of methicillin resistance, a quick and detailed identification method of MRSA is required. Since disk diffusion method proposes relatively high false-negative results and is observed to have a time-consuming nature, PCR can be taken in to consideration as the best method in order to identify methicillin-resistant strains.
Ebrahim Rahbar Karbasdehi,
Volume 29, Issue 5 (8-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Emergency school closures are often used as public health interventions during infectious disease outbreaks to minimize the spread of infection. However, Over 80% of children in the world have had their education impacted by coronavirus. For children with special needs who receive special education services, access to face-to-face education and other resources at school is of particular importance. These services focus not only on academic achievement, but also on social, emotional, psychological and physical health and well-being. The American Academy of Pediatrics advocates for students to attend school in person. Students with special needs are divided into seven educational groups: hearing impairment, visual impairment, physical-motor disorders, intellectual disabilities, behavioral-emotional disorders, autism spectrum disorder, specific learning disorder, and severe and multiple disabilities. Each of these groups should have a different way of teaching and learning than other groups and normal students. For proper planning and accommodation of children with special needs, we must prioritize safety. In order for these students to be able to use rehabilitation services, face-to-face education conditions must be provided for them in accordance with health protocols.
Ebrahim Rahbar Karbasdehi, Sogand Ghasemzadeh,
Volume 32, Issue 2 (5-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the problems of emotion regulation and social skills in adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders, one of the methods that can help these adolescents is psychosocial intervention. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of evidence-based psychosocial interventions on the recurrence of symptoms in adolescents with bipolar spectrum disorders.
Methods: In the present study, keywords like psychosocial intervention, recurrence, bipolar disorder, bipolar and related disorders, and adolescence were selected based on the database of medical subject headings (MeSH) and searched on English databases such as Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar in the period of 2008 (from March) to 2023 (until December). In this study, the PRISMA systematic review study reporting guide was used.
Results: The results of the conducted research indicated the existence of problems in the sleep schedule, emotion regulation, social functioning, and problem-solving skills of these adolescents. Although drug interventions were the front line of mania treatment, psychosocial interventions using models such as psychoeducation, cognitive-behavioral therapy focused on children and families, dialectical behavior therapy, and interpersonal as well as social rhythm therapy has helped the process of treatment stability and effectively prevent the symptoms of the disorder from returning.
Conclusion: Early psychosocial treatment, along with pharmacotherapy intervention, can reduce the negative impact of symptoms and lead to improved short-term and long-term outcomes by equipping adolescents and their families with knowledge and skills to improve understanding and management of the disorder.
