Showing 12 results for Besharati
Mr Besharati, Am Miratashi, Mr Shoja, F Ezoddini - Ardakani,
Volume 13, Issue 5 (Winter 2006)
Abstract
Introduction: In 1995, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that there were 37.1 million blind people worldwide. It has subsequently been reported that 110 million people have severely impaired vision, hence are at great risk of becoming blind. Watkins predicted an annual increase of about two million blind worldwide. This study was designed to investigate the causes of blindness and low vision in the blind population supported by the welfare organization of Yazd, Iran.
Methods: This clinical descriptive cross-sectional study was done from January to September, 2003. In total, 109 blind patients supported by the welfare organization were included in this study. All data was collected by standard methods using questionnaire, interview and specific examination. The data included demographic characteristics, clinical states, ophthalmic examination, family history and the available prenatal information. The data were analyzed by SPSS software and chi square test.
Results: Of total patients, 73 cases were male (67%) and 36 were female (33%). The median age was 24.6 years (range one month to 60 years). More than half of the cases (53.2%) could be diagnosed in children less than one year of age. In total, 79 patients (88.1%) were legally blind of which 23 cases (29.1%) had no light perception (NLP). The most common causes of blindness were retinitis pigmentosa (32.1%) followed by ocular dysgenesis (16.5%).
Conclusion: Our data showed that more than half of the blindness cases occur during the first year of life. The most common cause of blindness was retinitis pigmentosa followed by ocular dysgenesis, cataract and glaucoma, respectively.
Mr Besharati, Mr Shoja ,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (Spring 2007 2006)
Abstract
Introduction: Motor vehicular accidents are one of the leading causes of death in young men and severe complications in all age groups. This study was carried out to evaluate eye injuries secondary to motor vehicular accidents that have a high rate of occurrence in Yazd province.
Methods: This descriptive, cross- sectional study was conducted through case series method. Simple sampling, i.e. census from the under study population was performed to complete the sample number. The study was carried out in 1383 on 126 motorcycle accident cases with eye injuries referred to the Kalantari Emergency Department. Data collected from questionnaires was analyzed by SPSS software using chi-square, Fisher and Variance analysis statistical tests.
Results: Of the 126 cases, 124 (98.4%) were male and 2 (1.6%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 27.4 (SD=13.7) ranging between 5 months and 81 years. The highest rate of accidents was between cars and motor cycles 83 cases (65.9%) and most of them (76.2%) were in the city. The most frequent eye injury was sub conjunctival hemorrhage in 112 cases (44.4%) followed by eyelids injury [Right side 64 cases (50.8%) and left side in 55 cases (43.6%)], orbital injury in 57 cases (22.6%) of which 39 cases (68.4%) had periorbital hematoma and 18 cases (31.6%) had an orbital fracture, 20 cases (7.9%) had ocular movement limitation and lacrimal drainage system injury was seen in 13 cases (5.2%). Those with helmets had more mandibular fractures (p=0.0001).
Conclusion: The victims of motor vehicular accidents in our study were young men. The most frequent eye injuries were sub conjunctival hemorrhage, eyelid, orbital and lacrimal system injuries.
Mr Besharati, Am Miratashi, H Falah Zadeh,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (Autumn 2007 2006)
Abstract
Introduction: Today, Lasik surgery is one of the most common and effective procedures for correction of refractive errors. Less than 1% of patients undergoing Lasik operation suffer from serious and 3-5% suffers from mild complications. Also, results of lasik in most centers are promising. With the recent inauguration of the Lasik center of Yazd, it was decided to evaluate the results and complications of this surgery.
Methods: In this descriptive outcome study, cases were selected randomly and data from files of 230 operated eyes was filled in a specially formatted questionnaire. Data of patients who had been operated upon between March 2003 and March 2004 was gathered and evaluated using SPSS software program with Chi square and Fisher statistical tests. Patients were followed up for 3 months. Residual refractive error in the range
of ± 0.5 was considered as complete treatment and more than ± 0.5 considered as relative.
Results: From the total of 230 eyes, 122 eyes were of women and 108 eyes belonged to men. 24 cases (10.4%) were myopic, 188 cases (81.8%) myopic-astigmatism, 5 cases (2.2%) hyperopic and 13 cases (5.6%) hyperopic-astigmatism .204 eyes were in the age group of less than 40 years and 26 eyes were in the age group of more than 40 years. Based on visual acuity well-being, 225 eyes (97.8%) were treated completely and 5 eyes (2.2%) were treated relatively. Complete eradication of refractive error, 3months after surgery in myopias was 96%, myopic astigmatisms 88%, hyperopias 60% and hyperopic astigmatisms 62%. At 3 months of follow up, 224 cases (97.4%) were without any complications and the rest had few minor side effects.
Conclusion: Lasik operation is a safe and effective procedure for correcting refractive errors with limited complications. Results are comparable with similar studies.
A Hashemi, A Besharati, Sh Taghipour, A Bahrami,
Volume 14, Issue 4 ( Winter 2006 2007)
Abstract
Introduction: According to the results of studies from different parts of the world, malignancies in children are rare. Despite this fact, malignant neoplasms remain the second leading cause of death in children after accidents.
ALL, CNS tumors and lymphomas are the most common malignancies in children. They account for approximately more than 50% of malignancies and occur more frequently in boys than girls. There are 2 peak incidences early childhood and adolescence in the < 19 years old age group. The distribution of malignant diseases in the pediatric age group on the basis of age and sex has been evaluated in this study.
Methods: This descriptive – observational study was done by cross- sectional method from 1998 till 2003. We evaluated the frequency and distribution of malignant diseases in children younger than 10 years old according to age and sex in Yazd. The files of children whose malignancy was confirmed by the pathological reports were studied and data related to age, sex, type of malignancy and time of admission was entered in the questionnaires.
Results: Frequency and distribution of malignant diseases in male children < 10 years old is 60.4%which is more than females (39.6%). It is most frequent in children aged 6-7 years and least common in children<1 years of age. ALL has the highest frequency of distribution, while histiocytosis has the lowest. The other malignancies following ALL are as follows: Hodgkins lymphoma (8.5%), Neuroblastoma (8.5%) soft tissue sarcoma (7.5%) bone tumors (6.6%), Wilm’s tumor (6.6%), Germ cell tumors (3.8%), AML (2.8%), Retinoblastoma (1.9%), malignant neoplasms of the liver (1.9%) and Histiocytosis (0.9%).
Conclusion: The frequency and distribution of malignant diseases in the pediatric age group is more common in males than in females which is the same as other studies. The frequency and distribution of malignant diseases is the most in children aged 6-7 years that is different from other studies. ALL is the most prevalent malignant disease in the pediatrics age group followed by Hodgkins lymphoma and CNS tumors.
Sh Behdad, Am Miratashi, V Ayatollahi, Mr Besharati,
Volume 16, Issue 3 (Autumn 2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Cataract is an opacified lens and senile cataract is a common disorder. It is desirable to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in order to minimize intra and post operative difficulties and complications. Many researches have studied the effects of muscle relaxants on IOP. Comparison effect of atracurium and pancuronium on IOP has been evaluated in one study with a small sample size (N=20). In this research, we compared the effects of atracurium and pancuronium on IOP in patients undergoing cataract surgery
Methods: In a clinical trial study, ninety patients, ASA I, candidates for senile cataract surgery were randomly selected to receive either atracurium 0.5mg/kg or pancuronium 0.1mg/kg with fentanyl 2 g/kg and thiopental 5mg/kg for induction of general anesthesia. Before induction and 3minutes after endotracheal intubation, the IOP in both eyes was measured using Schiotz Tonometer. Data was analyzed using T- paired and chi square test.
Results: There were no differences in demographic data of the two groups. In atracurium group, the IOP didn’t have any significant changes. Three minutes after endotracheal intubation, the mean IOP decreased in the pancuronium group (2.98±3.25 and 2.56±3.51 mmHg in right and left eyes, respectively) (P=0.000 )
Conclusion: According to our data, attracurium has no effect on IOP, but pancuronium can decrease IOP in patients undergoing cataract surgery. It is therefore safe to use pancuronium and atracurium in general anesthesia for ophthalmic surgery.
Mr Besharati, A Hashemi, M Kheirandish,
Volume 16, Issue 5 (1-2009)
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is a retinal malignant tumor that occurs in early childhood. The annual incidence of retinoblastoma is approximately one per 14 000 live births. 250 to 300 new cases are reported in the United States each year. It develops due to inactivation of both alleles of the retinoblastoma susceptibility (RB1) gene. All hereditary cases (55%) are with bilateral and multifocal lesions, but in non hereditary cases (45%), retinoblastoma is always unilateral and unifocal. Leukocoria (white reflection of pupil) and strabismus are the most frequent clinical manifestations of retinoblastoma.
In funduscopy under general anesthesia, the lesion appears as a white tumor with angiomatous dilatation of the vessels. Treatment approaches include chemotherapy, focal laser, enucleation and radiotherapy. The goals of treatment are eye preservation and improvement in patient survival rate reduction of local tumor relapse and recurrence and development of new tumors. Follow up is by general and complete eye examination in order to diagnose related malignancies, especially in cases of radiotherapy. We report three bilateral retinoblastoma cases (10 months, 5 and6 years old) with strabismus and visual loss. Imaging showed involvement of both globes without CNS involvement. The tumor was controlled by providing adequate treatment for the cases
Mr Besharati, Mr Shoja, A Souzani , M Rafieian,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (Sep-Oct 2012)
Abstract
Introduction: Entropion and ectropion with involutional changes are the most common eyelid malpositions. Entropion is a condition in which the eyelid margin turns inwards against the globe and ectropion is a malposition in which the lid turns outwards or is pulled away its normal position from the globe. Knowledge of eyelid problems and their abnormalities is a key to plan a successful surgical procedure.
Methods: This descriptive study lasted from Sep. 2008 to March 2009. We evaluated 78 patients with eyelid malpositions who referred to educational hospitals of Yazd. The patients were examined by an eye specialist. Each patient’s demographic data, type of eyelid malposition, specific treatment results and 6-month follow up of each patient were recorded by the questioners and then were analyzed statistically by SPSS13 software, chi-square and fisher exact test.
Results: Among 78 cases, entropion was observed in 41 cases(52.6%), trichiasis in 31 cases(39.7%), ectropion in 27 cases(34.6%) and distichiasis in 3 cases (3.8%). The Wies procedure proved to be influential in entropion treatment and lateral tarsal strip canthoplasty surgery also reported acceptable results in ectropion.
Conclusion: The involutional changes were the most common causing factors for eyelid malpositions. Entropion appears most prevalently specially in right upper eyelid. The Wies and lateral tarsal strip canthoplasty procedures were thoroughly successful in treatment of entropion and ectropion of either upper or lower eyelids
Mr Besharati , M Gohari, Z Asadollahi, E Abbasi Shavvazi ,
Volume 21, Issue 1 (Apr / May 2013)
Abstract
Introduction: Benign eyelid lesions are classified to infectious, inflammatory and tumoral lesions. The various number of these lesions is due to unique eyelid anatomical structure. Some lesions are simple and do not need any treatment but sometimes patients refer to ophthalmologists due to beauty or problems such as pain, swelling. The aim of our study is to investigate and compare the relative frequency of benign eyelid lesions in Shahid Sadoughi eye clinic as well as the private offices.
Methods: This cross sectional six month study was done on 247 patients who referred to Shahid Sadoughi eye clinic and the private offices in 2011. They were examined by direct observation and slit lamp regardless of the cause. The information was gleaned by a questionnaire and the research data was analyzed by SPSS (ver.16).
Results: we studied 247 patients including 84(34%) male and 163(6%) female). The mean age of the patients was 42.7 years. 60.2% of lesions were in upper lid and 39.8% were in lower lid. 51.2% of lesions were in right eye and 48.8% were in left eye. The most common eyelid lesions were papilloma (32.9%) nevus (21.9%) and chalazion (14.1%) respectively.
Conclusion: Papilloma, nevus and chalazion are respectively the most common lesion in men and women. Benign lesions were more common in women located more in upper lid, though there was no statistically difference between right and left lid.
F Ezoddini Ardakani, F Mirhosseini, M Karrabi, N Mokhtari, M Moeini, S Besharati,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (May-Jun 2014)
Abstract
Introduction: To conduct a successful endodontic treatment, one needs to identify, clean and completely obturate the whole root canals.One important reason of reduction in success of endodontic treatment in maxillary molars is failure in identification and treatment of second mesiobuccal canal. Therefore, the present study intended to analyze the anatomy of mesiobuccal root of first maxillary molar in terms of the presence or absence of second mesiobuccal canal by using CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) technique.
Methods: In this analytical study, 30 extracted maxillary first permanent molars were collected and placed in a solution of 5/25% sodium hypochlorite for 24 hours. Then each tooth was individually mounted in plastic cylinder using modeling wax. The cylinders were divided into 6 groups of 5 samples. The samples of each group were placed in CBCT machine in the form of a U to operate the imaging procedure. The images were analysed by an experienced observer (oral and maxillofacial radiologist). Percentage analysis was done for this study.
Results: Assessment by CBCT revealed presence of second mesiobuccal canal in 60% of samples, out of which in 55.55% the second mesiobuccal canal was in coronal 3rd, in 33.33% in middle 3rd and in 11.11% was in apical 3rd.
Conclusion: According to this study, it can be concluded that in more than half of mesiobuccal roots of maxillary first molars, there are two canals and CBCT scans could be helpful in finding additional canals in maxillary first molars, and thus could contribute to higher successes in endodontic treatment.
F Ezoddini Ardakani, S Mirbeigi, H Jebali, S Besharati,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (Jul- Aug 2014)
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine and compare the eruption space of unerupted and erupted third molars by the means of digital panoramic radiography in patients referring to Yazd dental college during 2011-2013.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 150 archived digital panoramic radiographies in radiology department were evaluated with Romexis software under the standard circumstances. The radiographic pictures belonged to 73 men and 77 women with the average age of 21.18±1.67 years. In patients with erupted third molars as well as unerupted third molars (mesio-angular and vertical), several parameters were examined including: angle of the tooth axis of second and third molar, Gonial angle, the width of third molar, retro-molar space and its ratio to the width of third molar, the development stage of third molar root as well as the distance between the center of ramus and the most distal point of second molar. The data related to age, sex and the eruption situation of lower third molar- unerupted or erupted- were extracted from the patient’s log. The data were analyzed by SPSS (ver.17) via applying descriptive tests and T-test.
Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in regard with the average angle between second and third molar, the mean space of retro-molar and its ratio to the width of third molar as well as the mean distance between centers of ramus and second molar (P=0.0001). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in Gonial angle mean (P=0.213) and the width of third molar (P.value=0.348).
Conclusion: Increasing the angle between second and third molar as well as inadequate space of retro-molar can lead to impaction of lower third molar, but the width of third molar and the Gonial angle size did not reveal any significant role in determination of impaction or eruption of third molar.
Mr Besharati, A Khatibi Aghda, E Abbasi Shavvazi,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (May-Jun 2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Ptosis is the vertical narrowing of the palpebral aperture secondary to drooping upper eyelid. Due to the various types of ptosis and its complicated nature, selecting the appropriate surgery is extremely important. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the results and complications of ptosis surgery in children and adult groups in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital.
Methods: In this retrospective study, profile of 212 patients were examined in two groups of less than 15 years old and more than 15 who had undergone corrective surgery for ptosis between 2000 and 2010 in Shahid Sadoughi hospital. Demographic data, the involved eye (right or left), familial history (FH), ptosis type and mechanism, surgical technique as well as the results and complications of surgery were documented via a questionnaire, and the study data was analyzed using SPSS (version 18).
Results: In total, 212 patients were studied in two age groups (<15 years: 47.2% female, 52.8% male and >15 years: 53.8% female, 46.2% male). Positive FH and congenital ptosis were reported significantly more frequent in the first group (<15years). Levator resection (LR) method was done in 67% of cases in both groups and sling fontalis (SF) was performed in 28.3% and 22.6% in each group respectively. The normal eyelid position, under correction and over correction were reported 76.5%, 2.8% and 20.7% respectively in first group and 56.6%, 11.3% and 32.1% in the second group. The success rate of SF was higher than LR. As a matter of fact, the difference was statistically significant in both groups, whereas no significant difference was observed in regard with the surgery complication between the two groups.
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that the success rate of SF was more than LR in all patients and ptosis corrective surgery results were reported to be better in <15 years group.
F Ezoddini-Ardakani, Y Safi, S Besharati, M Ebrahimi, A Safaee,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (May 2017)
Abstract
Introduction: Aging increases the probability of the concurrent incidence of osteoporosis and hypertension. It is demonstrated that antihypertensive drugs can affect bone metabolism. The object of this study was to evaluate the effects of antihypertensive medication on bone mineral density of maxilla and mandible in males over 50 years old using CBCT.
Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 174 CBCT images belong to males over 50 years old were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the history of using antihypertensive drugs by the patients, these images set into three groups: control group who did not have any history of hypertension, beta blocker users group (at least 5 years) and calcium-channel blocker users group (at least 5 years). Bone mineral density in each jaw was obtained in four regions using CBCT and the mean of these four values in each jaw was taken as the mean mineral density of that jaw. One-way ANOVA analysis and Tukey post hoc test were used to compare the mean values.
Results: In beta blocker group, the mean of mineral density of all regions of maxilla except for incisor region was significantly greater than that for the control group. The difference between these two groups in mandible was statistically significant only at the mean of lower jaw. There was no statistically significant difference between the control group and the calcium-channel blocker group at all regions of maxilla and mandible.
Conclusion: It may be preferred to use beta blockers instead of calcium channel blockers to control hypertension in the patients at risk for osteoporosis.
