Showing 8 results for Aflatoonian
H Hadi-Nodoushan, M Mirahmadian, A Aflatoonian, F Akbari-Asbagh,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (summer 2004)
Abstract
Introduction: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is defined as three or more consecutive miscarriages, which affects 0.8 to 1% of pregnant women. Despite several well-established etiologic factors, the cause of RSA cannot be determined in almost 60% of the cases. It has been postulated that a part of these repeated pregnancy losses might be due to immune causes.
Material and Methods: In the present case control study using flowcytometry, peripheral NK cytotoxicity was compared in three different groups. 21 women with history of RSA at the time of 3rd or higher abortion (Group I), 32 women with history of three or more previous abortions and at least three months had lapsed since the last abortion (Group II) and 32 pregnant women with no history of abortion and at least one successful pregnancy (Group III) were studied.
Results: Group I and Group II showed significantly higher NK cytotoxicity than Group III in all of the effect to target (E: T) ratios (P≤0.045 and P≤0.002 respectively). NK cytotoxicity was similar in groups I and II. There were no significant correlation between the number of abortions, age and NK cytotoxicity.
Conclusion: The results indicate an increased peripheral NK cell cytotoxicity in RSA groups as compared to pregnant control. NK cell cytotoxicity may be considered as a risk factor for RSA and for maintaining normal pregnancy, NK cell cytotoxicity may be down-regulated. Peripheral NK cytotoxicity is not elevated during first trimester in RSA women. It is suggested that detection of NK cytotoxicity in RSA women should be performed as a routine.
M Dehghani - Ashkezari, M Kalantar, K Parivar, A Aflatoonian,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Atumn 2005)
Abstract
Introduction: It is well known that one of the powerful sperm function tests is the acrosome reaction (AR),
which is a prerequisite in the fertilization process. The predictability of sperm fertilizing ability using AR has
been suggested for IVF treatment cycles. The aim of study was to assess the power of AR using human
follicular fluid (hFF) to predict the fertilization rate (FR) in IVF cycles.
Materials &Methods: This investigation was experimental. During 9 month, 54 different semen samples
were collected from infertile men exactly before insemination of retrieved oocytes. Each sample was divided
into 4 aliquots and semen analysis (SA) was done on the first aliquot. For Acrosomal reaction, the sperm
samples were washed with Ham'sf10 culture media and after 2 hours in 37C incubator, the samples were
divided into 3 tubes. The first tube was control, DMSO 1mg/ml was added to the second tube and follicular
fluid was added to the third one. The acrosome was stained by double staining method and acrosomal status
was examined.
Results: The data analysis showed that there are no significant relationships between fertilization, sperm
count, fast moving sperms, slow moving sperms, overall sperm motility and morphology. The results also
showed that the mean of acrosome reactions in groups with rate 50 and > 50% were significant (p<0.05). In
addition, using ROC analysis, with cut-off value of 45% for fertilization, a cut-off value of 10.5% was
achieved.
Conclusion: In order to have a more accurate selection of the method of fertilization, predict the success rate
of IVF and prevent possible complications, it is advisable to use acrosome reaction test
M Mojibian, A Tabatabaei, Mr Hajiesmaeili, L Koochak-Yazdi, M Nasirian, M Aflatoonian,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (Summer 2008)
Abstract
Introduction: Estimation of gestational age is an essential component of prenatal care. Gestational age is estimated by Last Menopausal Period, fundal height and ultrasonography. Serial measurment of fundal height and comparison with LMP predicts the G.A more accurately. Since nowadays, ultrasonography is used more frequently during pregnancy, patients have to bear more expenses. But we can use serial measurement of fundal height for determination of G.A. This method is cheap, reliable and easy for assessment of G.A and fetal growth in pregnancies without serious complications. In this study, we compared the accuracy of Fundal Height Measurement And Ultrasonography for estimation of gestational age.
Methods: In this cross sectional study we investigated and compared the accuracy of fundal height measurement and ultrasonography in estimation of G.A. A total of 140 pregnant mothers were selected from patients referring to gynecology and obstetrics clinic of Doctor Mojibian and Shahid Sadughi hospitals in Yazd. Gestational age of these patients were estimated two times measurement of fundal height and ultrasonography. Collected data was analyzed with SPSS11.5 program and Pearson correllation statistical test.
Results: This pregnant mothers were identified by some criteria. In these mothers, the G.A was estimated by ultrasonography (BPD,FL) and measurement of fundal height at G.A of 22-25 weeks, 22-25 weeks, and then at G.A of 25 to 28 weeks.
Conclusion: The results showed that measurement of fundal height like sonography has a high a high rate of accuracy for estimation of G.A.
Y Varghaiyan, H Hadi Neduoshan, A Aflatoonian, A Mirghanizadeh, S Najafi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (Sep-Oct 2013)
Abstract
Introduction: Various immunological abnormalities have been reported in women with RSA of unknown aetiologies including autoimmune abnormalities and increased cellular immunity such as elevated natural killer (NK) , Th1 and Th17 cell levels. Th17 and Th1 cells play a central role during inflammation. Th1 cells product cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2 and Th17 cells mainly cytokines IL-17A, F, IL-22. The aim of this study is evaluation of Th1 and Th17 activity in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Methods: In this case-control study, 30 women with history of two or more abortion who at least 3 months past after last abortion considered as case group and 30 normal fertile healthy women with at least one delivery as control group. We determined the levels of IL-17A, F and IFN-γ in cell culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with the mitogen phytohemagglutinin (PHA) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and compared in the two groups. The results obtained using the one-sample kolmogorov-smirnov Test, Kruskal-wallis Test and Spearman were analyzed using SPSS 16 software.
Results: The level of IFN- γ in case group was significantly higher than control group (186/53±30/41 versus 88/06±21/44 pg/ml, P < 0.005). Also the level of IL-17 A, F in case group was significantly higher than control group (84/74±21/26 versus 28/41±8 pg/ml, P < 0.01). IFN-γ concentration showed positive correlation with IL-17 A, F in case group (P=0.015, r= 0.455).
Conclusion: In this study the increased levels of cytokines IFN- γ and IL-17 A, F in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion shows a propensity of pro inflammation via Th17 and Th1 immunity and may be these cells play a pivotal role in rejecting fetus antigens.
Fatemeh Akyash, Mahdieh Javidpou, Abbas Aflatoonian, Behrouz Aflatoonian,
Volume 27, Issue 5 (10-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Monthly regeneration of endometrium after cyclical mensturation confirmed the ability of specific population of the cells that presence in the basalis layer and undergone consecutive hormonal changes that could prepared the endometrial layer for probable implantation. These cells, known as, stem cell. The aim of this study was the isolation and culture of human endometrial derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (EnMSCs).
Methods: .In this study, human endometrial tissues were collected after fully-informed patient consent, which attended the Research and Clinical Center for Infertility. After washing and enzymatic treatment, EnMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro.
Results: Cells from endometrium were successfully isolated using enzymatically treatment and mechanically dissociation, then cultured and expanded for several passages for further characterization and evaluations. Endometrium derived cells were morphologically similar to mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs).
Conclusion: The results of the present study confirm previous reports in vitro studies for the isolation and culture of human EnMSCs. Endometrial tissue is a part of uterus with available source of MSCs with self-renewal and differentiation capacity that undergoes a cyclical regeneration every month in normal women’s life span. In this regard, human EnMSCs could be used for future novel therapeutic methods in regenerative medicine for treatment of uterine-factor infertile patients, which can lead to recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and finally resolve of surrogacy problems.
Majid Aflatoonian,
Volume 28, Issue 3 (6-2020)
Abstract
Introduction: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease caused by persistent intolerance to gluten, which is causedin people who are genetically predisposed. The disease presents with atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa and gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal manifestations.Environmental factors like gluten and genetic factors such as HLA and non-HLA genes are involved in causing the disease.Mucosal atrophy results from an adaptive and innate immune response to gluten.
T-helper, interleukin 15 and tumor necrosisfactor-alpha have a central role in this process. Recognize the risk of genetic factors and inflammatorymechanisms will help diagnose and treat the disease.
Farzad Ferdoosian, Ardalan Zare, Majid Aflatoonian,
Volume 29, Issue 2 (4-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: Due to the side effects of overuse of antibiotics, the aim of study was to evaluate the optimal antibiotic use in children with gastroenteritis.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 178 children with gastroenteritis from January to December 2018. Data including age, gender, clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were extracted from records.
Results: Out of 178 cases of diarrhea, 32 cases were due to bacteria and 146 cases were due to viruses. The most clinical symptoms in the patients were fever (34.40 %), vomiting (33.2 %) and coryza (13.1%). The most frequency of viral (46.2%) and bacterial diarrhea (32.2%) were seen in autumn season. Antibiotics were used mostly in spring (39 %) and autumn (25 %) seasons. In 14% of cases, the appropriate treatment was not selected. In addition, 50.56 % of treated children were less than 1 years old. No significant relation was also seen between season with bacterial or viral cases (p>0.05). Significant relation was seen between taking antibiotics at admission and clinical signs such as abdominal pain and suspicious food (p<0.01). Data were analyzed throgh SPSS, version16. Chi Square test was used for analysis of data
Conclusion: Virus is the main cause of diarrhea in children with gastroenteritis. Moreover, the most frequency of diarrhea was seen in autumn and spring season. However, there was no significant relation between seasons with bacterial and viral cases. It indicates that bacterial and viral diarrhea was not affected by season. For preventing microbial resistance, antibiotic therapy should be administered more carefully in children with diarrhea.
Roohollah Edalatkhah, Majid Aflatoonian,
Volume 32, Issue 1 (4-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Foreign body ingestion is a relatively common and sometimes life-threatening problem. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the types of foreign body and endoscopic findings in children under 14 years old in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd City.
Methods: This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 children under 14 years of age who referred to the Pediatric Emergency Department of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital with foreign body ingestion in 2018. Demographic information, clinical symptoms, type of foreign body, time interval between ingestion and referral, time interval between the time of referral to endoscopy and findings during endoscopy were collected and analyzed with SPSS version 16.
Results: The average age of the children was 37.14 ± 39.10 months. Out of the 50 children investigated, 33 (66%) were boys and 17 (34%) were girls. The most common clinical symptom was asymptomatic with a frequency of 42%, the most common foreign body was coin (24%), the most common age range was 1-5 years (48%), the most common lesion in endoscopy was the absence of a lesion (56%) and The most common location of the object in endoscopy was stomach (50%) . No statistically significant difference was found between the frequency distribution of endoscopic findings (type of lesion and location of lesion) according to the variables: age, sex and type of foreign body in the investigated children (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The probability of foreign body ingestion is higher in boys and the children aged 1-5 years, so more attention should be paid to these children. Most cases of ingestion of foreign bodies are asymptomatic, but due to serious complications, diagnostic measures should not be postponed.
