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Introduction: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of 2 tocolytic agents of nifedipin and indomethacin for treatment of preterm labor and their complications. Methods: The study was conducted as a randomized clinical trial on 79 pregnant women who were admitted for labor pain at 26-33 weeks of gestation. In the nifidipin group (40 cases), oral nifedipin and in the indomethacin group(39 cases), indomethacin were prescribed rectally. Results: The two groups did not have any significant difference in regard to maternal age, gestational age, cervical dilatation, effacement and consistency. 23 cases (59%) of indomethacin group, and 10 cases(25%) of nifedipin group did not respond to treatment(P=0.002). Non of the 16 remaining women of indomethacin group and 30 cases of nifedipin group delivered during 48 hours. 1 women(6.25%) in the indomethacin group and 4 cases(13.3%) of nifedipin group delivered between 48 hours-7 days which no significant difference was observed. Mean gestational age at the time of delivery(for the women who responded to treatment during the first 2 hours) was 238.5± 19.4 days and 246. 4± 15.4 days in the nifedipin and indomethacin groups respectively(P=0.182). 17 cases(42.5) in the nifedipin group and 11 cases(28.2%) in the indomethacin group showed adverse effects(P=0.184). Conclusion: Indomethacin is less effective than nifedipin for the fast treatment of preterm labor, though in women who respond to treatment during 2 hours, delaying of delivery is similar to nifedipin.

Keywords: Preterm labor; Nifedipin; Tocolysis; Indomethacin; Prostaglandin Inhibitors; Preterm Delivery; Pregnancy; Preterm Birth

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