20 2228-5741 Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences 6239 Dental Ameloblastic Fibro Odontoma in a 10-Year-Old Boy: Case Report Eslami Mehdi b Tabatabaei Seyed Hossein c Sabaghzadegan Farinaz d Navvabi Seyed Ehsan e b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. c Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. d Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. e Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 1 9 2024 32 6 7887 7893 06 07 2024 14 07 2024 Introduction: Ameloblastic fibro‑odontoma (AFO) is a rare, slow‑growing neoplastic lesion classified as a benign, epithelial odontogenic mesenchymal tumor. This tumor exhibits histological features characteristic of both ameloblastic fibromas and complex odontomas. The clinical manifestation of AFO is typically characterized by the asymptomatic enlargement of the jawbones. Radiographically, it presents as a distinct radiolucent region, indicating the presence of radiopaque substances with varying degrees of irregularities in size and morphology. Standard therapeutic intervention involves enucleation. Despite its benign nature, AFO can cause significant morbidity if left untreated. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to ensure optimal patient outcomes. The present study described the case (clinical presentation and management) of a 10‑year‑old male patient with an AFO lesion located in the posterior mandible. This particular case was treated with conservative measures involving surgical enucleation along with the extraction of the impacted tooth and the curettage of residual bone.  
6165 Biology A Review of the Types of Chemotherapy Drugs Used to Induce Premature Ovarian Failure in Mice Pouladvand Negar f Azarnia Mahnaz g Zeinali Hadis h Fathi Rouhollah i Tavana Somayeh j f Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. g Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. h Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. i Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. j Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. 1 9 2024 32 6 7894 7911 18 01 2024 17 03 2024 Introduction: The most common complication of chemotherapy is infertility due to premature ovarian failure (POF). POF is defined as the loss of normal ovarian function before age 40, characterized by increased gonadotropin levels, decreased estradiol levels, and diminished ovarian reserve, often leading to infertility. Despite the high impact of POF on general health and quality of life, the pathophysiology of this disease is unclear. For this purpose, animal models provide us with the opportunity to hypothetically investigate the pathogenesis of the disease comprehensively. The most common method of creating an animal model of premature ovarian failure is the use of chemotherapy drugs. In this study, the types of chemotherapy drugs and the relevant molecular pathways that play a role in creating the premature ovarian failure model in mice will be investigated Conclusion: According to the studies, cyclophosphamide drug is introduced as the most common gonadotoxic drug in order to induce POF model in mice.   6196 Immunology Urticaria in Patients with COVID -19 Infections Khalili Abbas k Karimi Amir Hossein l k Department of Pediatrics, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran l Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran 1 9 2024 32 6 7912 7921 15 04 2024 29 05 2024 Introduction: The relationship between viral infections and acute or chronic urticaria is rarely reported in some articles. But its exact mechanisms are not known. There is evidence of urticaria in the patients with covid-19 infection. Therefore, there was no structured research to clarify the role of the corona virus in the pathogenesis of urticaria. Methods: The articles that were published from January 2020 to October 2022 were reviewed by "PubMed" and "Google scholar" databases using the keywords acute urticarial urticaria, chronic urticaria along with COVID-19. Inclusion criteria were articles reporting acute or chronic urticaria in the patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in English. Review articles and studies that reported suspected corona infection and in which urticaria were related to drug hypersensitivity and other allergic diseases were considered as exclusion criteria. Results: In this search, 43 articles were reviewed that were related to our goals. Among these articles, 27 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. 16 articles were case reports, case series, letters to the editor and 7 original articles. In this review, it was reported 17 patients in 16 case reports and case series with urticaria associated with COVID-19. Conclusion: The severity of chronic urticaria may increase with corona infection. Acute urticaria may be a precursor symptom of COVID-19 infection. Finally, due to the small number of articles and some contradictory results, more studies are suggested in this field.   6178 Biology Examining the Frequency of Selected Genes Involved in Biofilm Formation in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter Baumannii Nasratipour Reza m Mirzaei Mohsen n Mehrabi Mohammad Reza o m Department of Biology, Borujard Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujard, Iran n Department of Laboratory Sciences, Borujard Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujard, Iran o Department of Laboratory Sciences, Borujard Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujard, Iran 1 9 2024 32 6 7922 7932 21 02 2024 29 05 2024 Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii, a non-fermenting Gram-negative coccobacillus, exhibits high resistance to antimicrobial compounds. Biofilm formation is a crucial feature in many Acinetobacter species, contributing to their antibiotic resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of ompA, csuA, bap and pgaB genes in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii with biofilm formation ability. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 49 isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were collected from patients hospitalized in the health centers of Borujerd City. Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were confirmed by biochemical tests. In these isolates, the biofilm production ability was investigated by microtitreplate method. Then, using PCR method and specific primers, ompA, csuA, bap and pgaB genes were identified.The collected data were analyzed descriptively and analytically using SPSS version 16 software. Data analysis was done with Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and P<0.05 was considered as the basis of significance. Results: The presence of ompA, csuA, bap, and pgaB genes was detected in 87%, 92%, 98%, and 100% of the isolates, respectively. Additionally, the microtitreplate method revealed that biofilm formation was strong in 3 isolates (6%), moderate in 17 isolates (35%), and weak in 29 isolates (59%). Conclusion: The prevalence of genes associated with biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates was high. This suggests that the studied isolates possess a significant ability to form biofilm structures.   6152 Internal diseases Comparison of Glucose and Immunoglobulin a Levels in Serum and Saliva of Patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Nasirzadeh Amirreza p Khorammakan Reza Erfanpoor Saeed Hajavi Jafar p Department of Internal Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. Department of Operating Room, Faculty of Paramedicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, School of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. 1 9 2024 32 6 7933 7942 01 01 2024 03 07 2024 Introduction: The monitoring and management of blood glucose levels are of significant importance in individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to examine the potential of a non-invasive approach for the diagnosis and management of diabetes, through the measurement of glucose concentration and salivary IgA, and a comparison with fasting glucose and serum IgA levels in individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes, in relation to a control group of healthy individuals. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 76 individuals with diabetes (31 with type 1 diabetes and 45 with type 2 diabetes) and 24 healthy individuals. After obtaining the code of ethics and informed consent, serum and salivary IgA levels as well as fasting glucose, were measured for each participant. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 statistical software and the Spearman, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The results showed a significant difference among the three groups (type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and healthy group) based on Fasting Blood Glucose, Hemoglobin A1c, Immunoglobulin A, salivary sugar, and salivary IgA (p<0.001). Additionally, in the case group, parameters such as FBS, HbA1c, and salivary IgA showed a significant correlation with salivary sugar. Conversely, in the control group, only the salivary sugar level demonstrated a significant relationship with serum glucose level. The study's findings indicated that serum and salivary IgA levels were lower and higher, respectively, in the control subjects compared to the diabetic group (p<0.001). Conclusion: In healthy individuals, salivary sugar can serve as an indicator to determine fasting blood sugar levels. In diabetic patients, salivary sugar can predict of FBS, HbA1c, and salivary IgA levels.   6191 Endodontics Prevalence of Middle Mesial Canal in Mandibular Molar Teeth Using CBCT Razavi Seyed Hossein Ayatollahi Fatemeh Ezeddini Fatemeh Pezhman Atefeh Khodabakhsh Mohammad Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologist, Private Office, Yazd, Iran. Dentist, Yazd, Iran. Dentist, Yazd, Iran. 1 9 2024 32 6 7943 7950 08 04 2024 05 09 2024 Introduction: Identification and completely cleaning the extra root canals are crucial for the success of endodontic treatment. Prevalence of the middle mesial canal (MMC) in mandibular molars is still a topic of debate due to the complex and diverse anatomy and morphology of these teeth. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MMC in mandibular molars using CBCT radiography. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 CBCT images obtained between 1995 and 2019 in a private oral and maxillofacial radiology center in Yazd, Iran, were evaluated. The first and second mandibular molars were examined for the presence of MMC based on the patients' age, gender, tooth location, and type. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17 and the Chi-square. Results: Out of 300 mandibular molars (122 first molars and 178 second molars), MMC was found in only 18 teeth (6%). The prevalence of MMC was significantly higher in the first molars (18 cases) than in the second molars (0 cases). Twelve MMCs were observed in females and 6 in males. 12 MMCs were located in the left side and the rest in the right side. The mean age of individuals with MMC was 37.33±15.27. There was no statistically significant association between the presence of MMC and age, gender, or tooth location (P > 0.05), but the prevalence of MMC was higher in the first molars than in the second molars (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: The prevalence of MMC in mandibular first molars was low in the studied population and was not detected in mandibular second molars. Nevertheless, the possibility of MMC should be considered during the treatment of teeth.   6146 Epidemiology Survival Analysis of Patients with Covid-19 Using Parametric Models in the Presence of Frailty Variable: A Prospective Cohort Study Kargarian-Marvasti Sadegh Hasannezhad Malihe Abolghasemi Jamileh Department of Disease Control, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Department of Infectious Diseases, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1 9 2024 32 6 7951 7962 19 12 2023 28 04 2024 Introduction: This study was performed to investigate the survival analysis of patients using parametric models in the presence of fragility variables. Methods: The data of this research belonged to a prospective cohort study of all the patients with Covid-19 in Fereydunshahr City. By conducting PCR tests on 2269 individuals suspected of Covid-19, 880 definite patients of Covid-19 were identified by census method. The death of the patients due to Covid-19 was the failure event. The response variable was the time from the onset of symptoms to the time of death (or censoring) at the end of the study. The data were analyzed through SPSS (version 16) and R software (version 4.3.2) at an error level of 0.05 and fitted with survival parametric models (considering the gamma distribution for the frailty variable) using Akaike's criterion. Results: Based on multiple regression analysis, the risk of death in patients with a history of heart disease was 4.9 times more than of patients without heart disease (95% CI for HR=2.21-10.98, HR=4.9) and in hospitalization patients was 4.2 times more than of outpatient cases (HR=4.2, 95% CI for HR=1.74-10.24). Moreover, increasing the age showed a significant relationship with the mortality rate (95% CI for HR=1.02-1.08, HR=1.05). With the inclusion of fragility variable in the model, the variable of “cardiovascular disease” was recognized as an important risk factor in survival time of patients; while without the fragility variable, this variable was ignored. In this study, according to the Akaike's criterion, the log-normal model showed a goodness of fit with the Covid-19 data. Conclusion: Using the fragility variable in survival regression models of patients with Covid-19, it is possible to identify the factors affecting patient mortality that it’s impossible to identify these risk factors in conventional models.   6162 Psychology Trends in Online Health Information Searches on Sleep Disorders During the First Seven Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran Nayebi Amin Abolghasemi Dehaqani Mohammad Reza Rostami Reza Rahiminezhad Abbas Asadpour Masoud Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 1 9 2024 32 6 7963 7973 14 01 2024 29 05 2024 Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global rise in sleep disorders, serving as a critical indicator of societal mental health. This study aims to examine the trends in health information searches related to sleep disorders during the first seven months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran, comparing these trends with the same period two years prior. Methods: This descriptive study analyzed the internet search behavior of Iranians seeking health information between 2017 and 2022. Data were collected on sleep disorder-related searches during the initial seven months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran using Google Trends. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to compare the volume and percentage of searches related to sleep disorders during the pandemic with those in the corresponding periods of the previous years. Additionally, Pearson's correlation was used to assess the relationship between the daily trends in COVID-19-related deaths and the volume of internet searches concerning sleep disorders. Results: The volume of searches related to sleep disorders significantly increased (p<0.001) during the first seven months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran compared to the same period in the two preceding years. These searches initially exhibited an upward trend, followed by a decline, eventually stabilizing. A strong (r = 0.8) and significant (p<0.05) correlation was observed between the number of sleep disorder-related searches and the number of COVID-19-related deaths during the early months of the pandemic. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a marked increase in searches for information on sleep disorders, potentially driven by heightened anxiety and lifestyle changes during this period.