20 2228-5741 Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences 5296 Epidemiology Achieving Effective Treatment Goals against New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) by Identifying the Molecular Details of the Virus Genome Khashei Varnamkhasti Khalil b Alipour Marzieh c Naeimi Sirous d b Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Islamic Azad, Kazerun, Iran c Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Islamic Azad, Kazerun, Iran d Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Islamic Azad, Kazerun, Iran 1 2 2021 28 12 3248 3251 02 12 2020 07 12 2020 Introduction: We are currently faced with a global epidemic of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that It affects not only thousands of people in China, but all over the world. The rapid increase in cases appears to be related to the active genome of the virus, which may affect its pathogenesis. An understanding of the novel coronavirus genomic organization will help us in understanding their origins and likely course of future evolution and identify novel cost-effective treatment.
4949 other Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells: General Characteristics and Potential Therapeutic Applications Hoseini Seyed Mehdi e Moghaddam-Matin Maryam f Bahrami Ahmad Reza g Montazeri Fateme h Kalantar Seyed Mehdi i e Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. f Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran g Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. h Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. i Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran 1 2 2021 28 12 3252 3275 31 07 2019 07 09 2019 Introduction: Amniotic fluid contains a mixture of different cell types sloughed from the fetal skin, respiratory, alimentary and urogenital tracts, as well as the amnion membrane. As amniotic fluid develops prior to the process of gastrulation, many cells found in its heterogeneous population do not undergo lineage specialization. Therefore, amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) may correspond to a new class of stem cells with properties of intermediate plasticity between pluripotent and adult stem cell types. Compared to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from other sources, such as bone marrow, AF-MSCs have better properties for clinical applications, such as differentiation into the cells of three germ layers, high clonal capacity, ability to form embryoid bodies, expression of pluripotent markers, high self-renewal capacity (over 250 population doublings) with normal karyotype at late passages, long telomere length due to continued telomerase activity, specially non-tumorigenicity, low immunogenicity, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Conclusion: Such features have nominated AF-MSC for a range of clinical applications, including in regenerative medicine. In several studies, these cells have been used to regenerate nerve, lung, and heart tissues. Overall, AF-MSCs are expected to be an ideal source of stem cells for future regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. 4793 Exercise Physiology Effect of 6 Weeks of Aerobic Training on the Oxidative Stress Condition of Male Wistar Rats Exposed To Particulate Matter Eshaghi Zahra j Habibi Abdolhamid k Fatemi Tabatabaei Seyed Reza l Goudarzi Gholamreza m j Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. k Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. l Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. m Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 1 2 2021 28 12 3276 3287 15 01 2019 15 06 2019 Introduction: Scientific evidence suggests the role of environmental pollutants, especially particulate mater in oxidative stress. However, the regular aerobic training has an important role in enhancing antioxidant defense and resistance to oxidative stress. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of aerobic training on the oxidative stress condition of male Wistar rats exposed to particulate matter. Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male rats (245 ± 8.5 g) aged 10 weeks, were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats each. The rats received the infusion of the particulate matter for 6 weeks through the nose. The exercise program included 6 weeks of aerobic training with 50% of maximum exercise; at the end of 6 weeks of the program, 24 hours after the last exercise session, blood samples were taken. Descriptive one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used in different groups. If analysis were significant, differences between groups were estimated using LSD test. Significance was defined as P≤0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16. Results: After 6 weeks of aerobic training, levels of Malondialdehyde in both groups: healthy exercise and particulate matter+exercise decreased significantly and in the infected group (P≤0.05), but did not show significant difference compared to the control group (P≥0.05). The level of Superoxide dismutase in the infected group showed a significant increase. There was no significant difference between the two Glutathione peroxidas and catalase enzymes in each group (P≥0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be concluded that aerobic training may be effective in reducing lipid peroxidation and enhancing antioxidant defense. 4470 Immunology Antitumor Activity and Immunomodulatory Effects of Ficus carica Latex Azami Hamideh n Malek-Hosseini Saeed o Mojahed Taghi Mayam p Zareinejad Mohammadrasul Amirghofran Zahra n Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran o Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran p Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. 1 2 2021 28 12 3288 3299 07 02 2018 12 05 2018 Introduction: There are limited studies on the anti-cancer and immunomodulatory effects of the fig fruit latex. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of fig fruit latex on several cancer cell lines as well as its effect on lymphocytes proliferation and cytokines secretion. Methods: After preparing a methanolic extract from fig latex, its effect on various cancer cell lines including Fen (bladder cancer), K562 (myeloid leukemia), Hela (cervix carcinoma), Jurkat (lymphoid leukemia) and Raji (lymphoma) was examined by MTT colorimetric assay. For evaluating the effects of extract on lymphocyte proliferation and viability, BrdU assay and flow cytometry staining were used. Cytokine secretion was measured by ELISA assay. Results: The extract showed the strongest activity against K562 cell line (IC50, 234 µg/ml) and the least activity against Hela cells (IC50 >1000 µg/ml). On evaluation of the immunomodulatory effect of fig by BrdU assay, a reduction in lymphocytes proliferation by increasing the concentration of the extract was observed; proliferation index from 1.2±0.06 at 0.1 µg/ml of the extract reached to 0.13±0.2 at 800 µg/ml. In flow cytometry analysis, a significant cytotoxic effect at concentrations ≥400 µg/ml was observed. The extract at 100 and 200µg/ml had the ability to reduce secretion of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-4 cytokines. Conclusion: Fig latex extract showed cytotoxicity on different cells particularly K562 leukemia cells which implied its anticancer activity. This extract at lower concentrations reduced lymphocytes proliferation and cytokine production which showed its immunoinhibitory effects and suggested its possible beneficial in treatment of immune-mediated diseases. 5202 Exercise Physiology Effect of Voluntary Training after the Induction of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis on Some Myelin-Producing Proteins in Female C57BL/6 Mice Honarmandnasab Yasaman Kordi Mohammad Reza Gaeini Abbas Ali Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 1 2 2021 28 12 3300 3312 12 08 2020 04 10 2020 Introduction: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of voluntary training period after the induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) on some myelin-producing proteins in C57BL/6 female mice. Methods: In this experimental study first 28 mice, which were 6-8 weeks old, were purchased and were randomly divided into three groups. Exercise activity (n=12), healthy control (n=8) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) control (n=8). Voluntary exercise group did exercises, 1 hour, 5 days a week for 4 weeks after induction of EAE and having the clinical score one for two days in a row. 48 hours after final exercise section, the mice were killed and immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of MBP and CNPase proteins. Using SPSS version 16 software, multiple analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test were used to examine the groups' data differences. Results: The results showed that the expression of both proteins as a result of voluntary exercise had a significant increase in the exercise group compared to the EAE control group ( p<0.05).( in White Matter: MBP, Wheel Running and Control EAE, P= .017; Wheel Running and Healthy Control, P= .001; CNPase, Wheel Running and Control EAE, P= .015; Wheel Running and Healthy Control, P= .000; in Gray Matter: MBP, Wheel Running and Control EAE, P= .000; Wheel Running and Healthy Control, P= .000; CNPase, Wheel Running and Control EAE, P= .005; Wheel Running and Healthy Control, P= .001. Conclusion: Voluntary exercise may have a positive effect on increasing myelination in treatment and control of MS. 5105 General Effect of Eight Weeks of Core Stability Exercises on Dynamic Balance, Function, and Strength in Athletes after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Randomized Clinical Trial Saki Farzaneh Anbariyan Mehrdad Shafiei Hossein Bakhtiari Shima Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran Department of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercise, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran 1 2 2021 28 12 3313 3325 13 03 2020 28 02 2021 Introduction: The core muscles of trunk are activated before movements of upper and lower limbs. Current evidence suggests that lose of stability in core region predisposes to second injury and appropriate exercise may reduce the risk of reinjury. This aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks core stability exercises on dynamic balance, function and strength in athletes. after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. 26 athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were purposefully selected and randomly divided into experimental and control groups.the experimental group performed core stability exercises for eight weeks and the control group performed their daily exercises. Dynamic balance, isometric strength and function were meaured using Y balance test, hand held dynamometer and hop tests. Data were analyzed using SPSS vrsion16 software. Independent t-test was used to compare demographic characteristics and Mixed Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to compare the means of the two groups (p≤.05). Results: The results of the present study showed significant improvement in dynamic balance (F=143.92, P=0.000), single-leg hop (F=68.25, P=0.000), triple hop (F=14.02, P= 0.001), knee flexor strength (F=50.21, P=0.000) and knee extensor strength (F=54.72, P=0.000) in the experimental group after eight weeks of core stability exercises. Conclusion: Based on the results of present study, it is suggested to the specialists and trainers involed in the rehabilitation of athletes to use comprehensive and useful core stabilization exercises in the rehabilitation stages of knee injuries. 5165 Exercise Physiology Effect of Single Session of High Intensity Interval Exercise on Some Immune and Inflammatory Factors in Male Athletes and the Risk of Infection to Coronavirus Kashef Alireza Zare Karizak Sara Sadeghi Nikoo Alireza Kashef Majid Exercise Physiology Department, Faculty of Sport Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran. Sport Science Department, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Persian Gulf University, Boushehr, Iran. Research and Sport Medicine Center of Oxygen Sport Group, Tehran, Iran. Exercise Physiology Department, Faculty of Sport Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran. 1 2 2021 28 12 3326 3337 07 06 2020 11 10 2020 Introduction: High Intensity exercise is one of the effective factors on immune and inflammatory factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the single session of high intensity interval exercise (CrossFit) on levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, lactic acid and C- reactive protein (CRP) of male athletes to make decision for doing this exercise in coronavirus prevalence period. Methods: In this Causal-comparative study, 32 male athletes were selected as participants (with mean of age 26.9±4.7 year, height 177 ± 5 cm, weight 80.7±6.4 kg). Exercise session included a 400-meter running on treadmill,triple dead lift movement, pull-up (30 repetition), swing of kettlebell (30 kg) and throwing of 20 sand balls. Blood sampling, CBC and biochemistry auto analyzer tests were used for measuring leukocytes, lactic acid and CRP.  In addition, ANOVA with repeated measure, Friedman, Wil-kaksun and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used to examine the differences between variables in resting position, post-exercise, and after modify the results by consideration of plasma volume changes  using SPSS version 16 software. Results: The results showed significant increase in lactic acid (P<0.001), CRP (P=0.006), leukocytes (P<0.001) and lymphocytes (P=0.001), but the increase of monocytes was no significant (P=0.705). In addition, the results of study showed significant decrease in neutrophils (P=0.005) and plasma volume (P<0.001). Furthermore, the significant results of some indices were removed by consideration of plasma volume change (P>0.05). Conclusion: The single session of high intensity interval exercise makes disorder in immune and inflammation responses in athletes. Therefore, it has been suggested not to do intensive exercise at coronavirus prevalence period and consider enough time for recovery after high intensity exercise. 5376 Epidemiology COVID-19 Seroepidemiology Study of Yazd Province, First Peak, Spring 2020: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study Mirjalili Mohammad Reza Namayandeh Seyedeh Mahdieh Lotfi Mohammad Hasan Dehghani Mohammad Reza Mirzaei Mohsen Talebi Ali Reza Mirzaei Masoud Jam Bar Sang Sara Nezamol Hosseini Seyed Mohammad Sharifi Masoud Mansouri Meherad Department of Internal Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd ,Iran Clinical Research Development Center of Afshar Hospital, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Department of Biostatistics, Health Data Modeling Research Center, School of Health , Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd ,Iran. Medical Genetic Research Center, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Health Monitoring Research Center,School of Shahid sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Cardiovascular Research Center, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Department of Biostatistics, Health Data Modeling Research Center, School of Health , Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd ,Iran. Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran. 1 2 2021 28 12 3338 3350 17 02 2021 28 02 2021 Introduction: SARS-COV 19 is a new coronavirus that was reported first time in 30 December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The first case of coronary heart disease in Iran was reported with a definitive test on February 18 in Qom province and the first case in Yazd province on 24 February. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a Covid infection on March 11 a pandemic. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroepidemiology of COVID 19 in Yazd province. Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional population-based study of seroepidemiological type that was conducted to investigate the serological prevalence of Covid-19 in the period of 3 to 20 May 2020 in Yazd Province. Sampling was clustered and it was without age and sex restrictions. Information was collected including demographic information, adherence to health protocols, and history of clinical symptoms of COVID 19. "Pishtaz ELISA Kit" was used to evaluate the IgG and IgM antibody titers against Covid 19. Chi-square, analysis of variance and T tests were used via SPSS.version.16 software Results: Mean age of the participants was 34.3± 17.5. Among the study participants, 507 (54.5%) were women. The serological prevalence of definite cases was 14.91% (95% CI: 12.91-16.91%) and suspicious cases were 2.85% (95% CI:1.85-3.85%). Ardakan City with 32% had the highest and Taft, Mehriz, Khatam with 7% had the lowest prevalence of COVID 19 (P <0.05). Conclusion: By June 2020, nearly 18% of the population of the province was definitively or suspiciously infected with COVID 19. Unfortunately, up to 25% of the population does not follow the early prevention protocols of COVID 19.