Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 32 7 2024 10 1 Investigating the Effect of Microalgae Bioactive Compounds on Sleep and Mood 7974 7990 FA Bahareh Nowruzi Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Converging Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran bahare77biol@gmail.com Y 0000-0001-6656-777x 10.18502/ssu.v32i7.16564 Introduction: Nowadays, lack of sleep has led to many serious health problems. Meanwhile, cyanobacteria exhibit bioactive properties such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-parasitic, anti-diabetic, anti-viral, antioxidant, rejuvenating and anti-obesity, making them a suitable option for the production of drugs. Sleep and mental health are closely related, and the negative impact of sleep deprivation on overall health and well-being is exacerbated. Methods: In this review article, more than 200 journals on databases such as PubMed, Springer, Wiley، Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and the list of open access journals were investigated. Keywords such as "microalgae", "bioactive compounds", "unsaturated fatty acids", "sleep disorders", "mood regulation" and "stress" were used for searching. Results: The results showed that sleep and mental health are closely related, and the negative effect of sleep deprivation on health and overall well-being intensifies is exacerbated. Conventional treatments have a wide range of adverse effects, commonly associated with benzodiazepines and antidepressants. Conclusion: At present, the significant contribution of microalgae bioactive compounds in sleep management and mental health has not been investigated, which is suggested to be widely studied in the near future.   Microalgae, sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Mental health, Cyanobacteria. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6161-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6161-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 32 7 2024 10 1 A Review of Advanced and Smart Nano Wound Dressings Based on Investigating the Function of Hybrid Nanosystems in Wound Monitoring and Antimicrobial Activity 7991 8007 FA Aboulfazl Mirzapoor Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. a.mirzapour@modares.ac.ir Y 0000-0001-7037-9253 Zahra Meghdari Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. zahra00mgd@gmail.com N 0009-0002-7205-9899 Hanya Ranjbar Department of Biotechnology Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technologies, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran haniaranjbar@gmail.com N 0009-0002-1353-8355 Fatemeh Moradifar Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. f.moradifar@modares.ac.ir N 0009-0003-0106-5607 10.18502/ssu.v32i7.16565 Introduction: By monitoring wound parameters and providing targeted therapies, smart dressings can optimize the healing process, reduce the risk of complications, and accelerate wound closure. Reducing health care costs, effective wound monitoring, and targeted drug delivery can reduce frequent wound dressing exchange and also lead to cost savings in the long term. Personalized wound care through smart dressings allows healthcare professionals to tailor treatment plans based on individual wound characteristics and responses. This capability will lead to more accurate and personalized patient care. Controlled drug release, infection detection, and moisture management, smart dressings can enhance patient health, reduce pain, and generally improve patient pain during wound healing. Conclusion: Hybrid nanosystems based on nanoparticles are one of the main components of advanced and smart wound dressings. Hybrid nanosystems show structural changes with changes in temperature and pH. These multiple systems are the main reason for the intelligence of smart wound dressing. Advanced and smart dressings with multiple functions and the ability to actively respond to wound conditions provide the potential to improve treatment for patients and change the method of wound management in health centers. As a result, examining the detailed classifications of advanced and smart dressings provides an efficient approach in wound care and treatment.   Wound dressing, Smart, Hybrid nanosystems, Nanoparticle http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6186-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6186-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 32 7 2024 10 1 Evaluation of Etching Time Effect on Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets Bonded with Self-Adhesive Composite: An in-Vitro Study 8008 8018 FA Masomeh Esmaily Department of orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. M.esmaily@abzums.ac.ir N 0000-0003-3785-4192 Manijeh Mohammadian Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. dr.mohamadian77@gmail.com Y 0000-0002-0526-9573 Kazem Mollahasani Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran kazemmollahasani@gmail.com N 0009-0006-3632-6872 10.18502/ssu.v32i7.16566 Introduction: Precise acid etching of the tooth surface is a significant factor in the strength of the bracket bond. The current study aimed to determine the effect of different application times of acid etching on the shear bond strength of metallic orthodontic brackets under controlled laboratory conditions. Methods: Sixty intact premolar teeth were selected for this in-vitro study. The samples were divided into four groups based on the different acid etching times: 20, 25, 30, and 35 seconds. The teeth surfaces were etched with 37% phosphoric acid according to the specified times, and brackets were bonded to the enamel surface using GC Ortho connect composite. Shear bond strength values of the brackets was measured using a Universal Testing Machine. The amount of Adhesive Remnant Index was also observed using a stereomicroscope. Additionally, the surface roughness of the tooth enamel after bracket bonding was examined using SEM. The results related to shear bond strength were analyzed with one-way ANOVA statistical test and using SPSS version 16 software. The non-parametric Kruskal Wallis (Wallis-Kruskal) test was also used to check the frequency of ARI index. Results: The highest shear bond strength was observed at 25 seconds, and the lowest at 30 seconds. However, there was no significant difference in the shear bond strength of brackets was observed among the four groups (p=0.186). The highest ARI score was observed at 35 seconds, and the lowest at 20 seconds. No statistically significant difference was observed in the ARI scores in different groups. SEM images revealed that the enamel surface porosity was highest at 20 seconds. Conclusion: The results indicate that the shear bond strength and ARI at different acid etching times do not significantly differ. Therefore, orthodontic bracket bonding can be performed with less acid etching time.   Acid Etching, Orthodontic Brackets, Shear Strength. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6246-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6246-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 32 7 2024 10 1 Anticancer Activities of Synthesized Niosome Nanoparticles Using Artemisia Annua Extract: Caspase3 and Caspase9 Apoptosis Gene Expression Analysis in Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7) 8019 8032 FA Zahra Rastgar Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran zahrarastgar9@gmail.com N 0000-0002-3665-5442 Fariba Khosravi-Nejad Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran f.khosravinejad@iau-tnb.ac.ir Y 0000-0003-3880-4162 10.18502/ssu.v32i7.16567 Introduction: Pharmaceutical formulation of nanoparticles is widely used due to achieving targeted and stable drug release, improving drug solubility and reducing side drug reactions. One of the ways to improve the survival of cancer patients is the treatment using nanocarriers for anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to synthesize encapsulated nisomes containing the extract of the Artemisia annua and investigate the anticancer and apoptotic effects against breast cancer cell lines. Methods: In this study, a Niosomes nanocarrier was made and then the extract of Gondwash herb was loaded into it. Its physical and chemical properties were confirmed using SEM, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential. Likewise, the encapsulation percentage and release pattern of the extract were investigated. Finally, its anticancer effects against the breast cancer cell line (MCF_7) were investigated and the expression level of apoptotic genes Caspase3 and Caspase9 was studied using Real Time PCR method. At the end, statistical analysis was done by GraphPad Prism software, and cytotoxicity and gene expression data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results: The findings showed that the synthesized nanocarrier newsom containing the extract had a spherical structure and its size was 208.1 nanometers, the encapsulation percentage was 62.35% and the surface charge was 22.5. Similarly, newsome nanocarrier containing the extract had significant anticancer effects compared to the free extract and increased the expression of caspase 3 and caspase 9 genes by 1.184 ± 0.34 (P<0.05) and 1.68 ± 0.81, respectively. (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the nisome containing the extract of the Gondwash herb increases the anti-cancer and apoptotic effects significantly, and therefore, with further studies in the future, nisome can be used as a targeted drug delivery system for anti-cancer purposes.   Nanoparticle, Nisome, Artemisia anuua, Anticancer, Breast cancer. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6218-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6218-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 32 7 2024 10 1 Effectiveness of Joint Attention Training on Basic Social Communication, Anxiety and Executive Functions of Children with Autism Spectrum 8033 8044 FA Birivan Mahmmoudiany Sardasht Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. sissysoft07@gmail.com N 0000-0002-7629-141X Parvin Ehtshamzadeh Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. p_ehtesham85@yahoo.com Y 0000-0003-3391-1882 Fariba Hafezi Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. febram315@yahoo.com N 0000-0001-6566-2708 10.18502/ssu.v32i7.16568 Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of joint attention training on basic social communication, anxiety and executive functions of children with autism. Methods: The research design was quasi-experimental and pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical populations of children with autism spectrum were referred to the psychiatric and psychological centers in Urmia City during the year 2021-2022. 30 individuals (15 ones from the shared attention group and 15 from the control group) were selected as a statistical sample using the available and targeted method. Data via questionnaires of basic social communication (Zabov, 2010), anxiety (Spence, 1999), executive functions of the parents' brief form (Balster Gerard et al., 2000) were collected during the intervention therapy method of joint attention training (Vakilizad and Abedi, 2015) (12 sessions, 3 days a week, each session was an hour and a half, each session was divided into 3 parts of 25 minutes with a 5 minute break for the child). Then the data were analyzed with Software SPSS V. 16 and multivariate analysis of covariance test. Results: The results showed that joint attention training increased basic social communication and executive functions and reduced anxiety in children with autism spectrum. The differences between the investigated groups and the conducted tests were significant (P≤0.01). Conclusion: Interventional treatment methods such as joint attention training should be developed for the treatment of autistic patients, so that with the help of these methods, the individual and collective life of these patients can be improved.   Joint attention training, Early social communication, Anxiety, Executive functions, Children with autism spectrum. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6145-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6145-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 32 7 2024 10 1 Effect of Hydralcoholic Extract of Dafneh on Expressin Level of MAPK8 and PTK2 Genes and Cell Viability of Ovarian Cancercell Lines (A2870S) 8045 8055 FA Faezeh Bafrouizadeh Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. faezebafrouizade1997@yahoo.com N 0000-0003-4241-4164 Seyed Kazem Sabbagh Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. sksabbagh@yazd.ac.ir Y 0000-0003-3400-268x Mahta Mazaheri Department of Medicl Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. mazaheri54@yahoo.com N 0000-0003-3400-4164 Mohammad Rezaza Sarafraz-ardakani Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. sarafraz.ardakani@yazd.ac.ir N 0000-0002-5469-3549 Farzaneh Shetabi Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. shetabfarzane_sh75@yahoo.com N 0000-0001-0000-0000 10.18502/ssu.v32i7.16569 Introduction: Ovarian cancer, as an aggressive epithelial tumor, remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women. Regarding to the side effects of chemical drugs, medicinal plants, according to their unique properties such as cheapness, naturalness and availability, and without any significant side effects, medicinal plants have recently been considered in the prevention of diseases. In this laboratory research, the cytotoxic effect of hydroalkolic extract of Daphne mucronata Royle on cell viability of A2780 cancer cell and the expression of MAPK8 and PTK2 genes in the cells treated with the Ephedra plant extract during three-time interval 24,48 and 72 hours after treatment were investigated. Methods: The inhibitory effect of hydroalcholic extact of D. mucronato on targeted cells was done using MTTassay then, expression level of MAPK8 and PTK2 genes in cells treated with plant extract were investigated using qRT-PCR method. Data analyses were done using GraphPad prism software. Results: Regarding to the results of cell viability, IC50 rate for 24, 48 and 72h after treatment were determined as 105.40, 85.98 and 81.38µg/mL, respectively. Expression analysis of tested genes showed that hydroalcoholic plant extract of D. mucronato had not significant effect on expression of targeted genes (Pvalue≤0.05) so that there was no significant difference on their expression level compared to the control. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that D. mucronato extract had a significant inhibitory effect on treated A2870s cancer cells, but it was not able to change the expression level of genes involved in anticancer activities and its molecular pathways. The use of bio-markers and other gene pathways is suggested for additional studies.   Ovarian cancer, Gene expression, Medicinal Plants, Cell viability. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6160-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6160-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 32 7 2024 10 1 Evaluation of Lactobacillus Sakei Probiotic Supernatant’s Effectiveness in Promoting Apoptosis and Decreasing Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cancerous Cells through Modulation of Bax and Bcl2 Genes 8056 8066 FA Elham Hemati Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran ghasemhemati20@gmail.com N 0009-0002-7566-1703 Hossein Sazegar Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran hoseinsazgar@yahoo.com Y 0000-0001-9769-8932 10.18502/ssu.v32i7.16570 Introduction: Accumulating evidence has revealed that inducing apoptosis is an important strategy to control excessive breast cancer cell proliferation. In this study, the supernatant effect of the probiotic strain of Lactobacillus Sakei on Expression Level of Apoptosis-Related Genes (Bax/Bcl2) in Breast Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7) was investigated. Methods: In the experimental study, MCF-7 breast cancer cells were cultured in DMEM medium with 10% bovine serum. The cells were treated in 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/ml concentrations of sakei supernatant and incubated at 24, 48 and 72 hours. The MTT assay was used to measure cytotoxicity effect according to kit manufacturer's protocol in all three incubation times. MCF-7 cells with concentration of sakei supernatant at IC50 point (5 mg / ml) to examine the expression of genes Bax and Bcl2 were incubated for 72 hours. Real-Time PCR was performed to analyze the changes in the expression of Bax and Bcl2 genes. Results: The results of this study indicated that bioavailability of MCF-7 cell line reached the lowest value at concentration of 5 mg/ml compared to the control group. In addition, MCF-7 cell line treatment with Lactobacillus sakei supernatant at a dose of 5 mg/ml and 72 h incubation time, showed significantly increased expression of BAX (p-value= 0.0033) and significantly decreased expression of BCL-2 (p-value= 0.0278). Conclusion: The results indicate that Lactobacillus sakei supernatant can reduce the bioavailability of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis pathway.   Lactobacillus Sakei, MCF-7, Breast cancer, Apoptosis, Bax, Bcl2 http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6210-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6210-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 32 7 2024 10 1 Identification of Effective Factors and Prediction of Ischemic Heart Disease Using Machine Learning Methods and Data from the Yazd Health Study (YaHS) 8067 8079 FA Jamal Zarepour Ahmadabadi Department of Computer Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. zarepourjamal@yazd.ac.ir Y 0000-0002-3329-5357 Fatemeh Zare Mehrjardi Department of Computer Engineering, Meybod University, Meybod, Yazd, Iran. fzare@meybod.ac.ir N 0009-0001-3268-0114 Mahdieh Ghanbary Cardiac Rehabilitation Center, Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. mahdieh_ghanbari@yahoo.com N 0000-0002-5084-2770 Masoud Mirzaei Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. masoud_mirzaei@hotmail.com N 0000-0001-6455-0747 10.18502/ssu.v32i7.16571 Introduction: Ischemic heart diseases are one of the most common diseases that cause high mortality worldwide. This article has identified various factors affecting heart disease and identified susceptible people using various machine learning methods. Methods: The current research was conducted on the Yazd Health Study (YaHS) database. YaHS was conducted on adults aged 20-70 years who were residents of Yazd Greater Area and collected information on the health and various diseases of nearly 10,000 people in the form of a questionnaire with 300 different questions. In this research, by using the correlation of questions with heart disease, the most important factors of heart disease have been identified. By using the identified factors and machine learning algorithms, susceptible people with heart disease have been identified. Results: The results of the evaluations have shown that factors such as age, family history of heart disease, blood pressure, diabetes, blood cholesterol, stress, anxiety, depression, quality of life, quality of sleep, physical activity, smoking, and diet have an effect on heart disease. Likewise, among the different machine learning methods, the nearest neighbor method, the deep neural network method, and the multi-layer perceptron method with a recall criterion of 99.94%, 99.88%, and 99.11% have performed the best in the identifying sick people, respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, it can be understood that by controlling factors such as blood pressure, diabetes, blood cholesterol, stress, anxiety, and depression, changing factors such as quality of life, sleep status, physical activity, and eating patterns of people and quitting smoking, it is possible to move towards improving the health of society. On the other hand, the identification of people prone to heart disease using machine learning methods is done faster and at a lower cost than the traditional methods that are done by referring to medical centers and doctors and performing various tests.   Heart disease, Machine learning, Disease factors, Risk factors. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6094-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-6094-en.pdf