Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 30 4 2022 7 1 Recombinant probiotic-Based Vaccines; Attractive vehicles for immunization via mucosal routes 4702 4705 FA Seyyed Fatemeh Nabizadeh Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Kazerun, Kazerun, Iran. sf0079nabizadeh@gmail.com N 0000-0002-9791-1825 Fatemeh Dehqan Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Kazerun, Kazerun, Iran. hastislt99@gmail.com N 0000-0002-5958-9951 Khalil Khashei Varnamkhasti Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Kazerun, Kazerun, Iran. khalil.khashei2016@gmail.com Y 0000-0002-7425-5335 10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9891 Introduction: The importance of genetically modified microorganisms, including probiotics, now widely have considered as attractive vehicles for mucosal delivery of therapeutic molecules. Previous studies have indicated that mucosal administration of these molecules can effectively trigger humoral along with cellular immune responses. Therefore, development of induction of mucosal immune responses, utilizing of recombinant probiotics-based vaccines, as live delivery vectors with no side effects in humans, may contribute to effectiveness of control strategies against infection agents.   Vaccine, Recombinant probiotic, Mucosal immunization http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5730-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5730-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 30 4 2022 7 1 Evaluation of Embryonal Protective Effect of Melatonin against Apoptotic Effect of Methadone in Embryo Tissues of Mice 4706 4718 FA Maryam Akbarzadeh Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azad University, Qemshahr Branch, Qaemshahr, Iran. maryamakbarzadehnarenjbaghi@gmail.com N 0000-0002-3245-2602 Farkhondeh Nemati Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azad University, Qemshahr Branch, Qaemshahr, Iran. farkhondehnemati@gmail.com Y 0000-0002-3674-2087 Fatemeh Shaki Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. fshaki.tox@gmail.com N 0000-0001-5861-656x Abbas Ali Dehpouri Gouibari Biology Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azad University, Qemshahr Branch, Qaemshahr, Iran. dehpour@gmail.com N 0000-0002-2360-8962 Ramin Ataee Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. raminataee1349@gmail.com N 0000-0002-6342-0382 10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9893 Introduction: Methadone is a substance that is widely used in the substitution treatment of opiate addiction. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of melatonin on apoptosis induced by transfer of transplacental methadone in mice. Methods: This study was an experimental study aimed to assay apoptotic effect of placenta transferred methadone on brain, liver and kidney tissues and to study protective effect of melatonin in an embryo model in mice.  Bulb-C mice weighing 25-30 g were kept in four shelves (3 females and one male) and checked daily for the sterile cycle. For mice with vaginal plugs, the first day of pregnancy was considered. After confirmation of pregnancy, female mice were divided into 5 groups of 6, which included the control group, methadone (10 mg / kg) and melatonin groups in three doses (2, 4, 6 mg / kg / day) by IP injection for half an hour before prescribing methadone. This prescription was given for 10 days from the beginning of pregnancy. After the infants were born, their liver, brain, and kidneys were removed and they underwent immunohistochemical tests for apoptotic expression of Bcl2, BAX, and Caspase3 proteins. The results were analyzed by SPSS version 22 statistical software and Chi-square (Chi 2) and Fisher tests (P <0.01). Results: This study showed that melatonin at dose 4 and 6mg/kg has decreased apoptotic protein BAX and Caspase9 and increased anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl2 expression approximately, but these results were not significant statistically (P>0.05). In addition, for dose of 0.2 mg/kg of melatonin, there was not any apoptotic effect. Conclusion: Our findings showed that melatonin has almost a protective effect against apoptotic effect induced by placental transfer of methadone especially via its increasing effects on Bcl2, but this anti-apoptotic effect was not significant and needed for more precise studies. Methadone, Addiction‚ Pregnancy‚ Placental transfer‚ Apoptosis‚ Melatonin, Apoptotic proteins‚ BAX‚ Caspase 9‚ Bcl2. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5584-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5584-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 30 4 2022 7 1 Evaluation of Complications of Covid-19 in Children Admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd (March 2020 - March 2021) 4719 4725 FA Meysam Yazdian Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran dr.meysam.yazdian@gmail.com Y 0000-0001-7882-1966 Farzad Ferdosian Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran ferdosianfarzad@yahoo.com N 0000-0002-2763-7859 Zahra Nafei Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Nafeiy@yahoo.com N 0000-0001-8714-2201 Mohamad Naghibi Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran naghibi52@gmail.com N 0000-0002-8534-7438 Elahe Akbarian Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran akbarian.elahe@yahoo.com N 0000-0001-7485-0567 10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9895 Introduction: The World Health Organization first reported outbreaks of COVID-19 in 2019 in Wuhan, China. Limited studies have been performed on long-term complications after the acute phase of this disease in children. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of children who had previously been hospitalized with COVID-19. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, long-term complications in 105 children less than 18 years of age suspected of having Covid-19 disease were assessed (2020-2021). This evaluation was performed by completing a questionnaire by patients' families three months after discharge and collecting information from the patients' records at the time of hospitalization. Participants were also classified into four age groups. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All 105 children suspected of having COVID-19 who were hospitalized during the mentioned period were included in this study, but the families of 80 children completed the questionnaire. The most common long-term complications in the patients were mood disorders (35.2%), loss of appetite (22.9%), and fatigue (20%), respectively. It has also been found that with the increasing age of the patients, the incidence of complications has increased. Conclusion: This study results demonstrated that the most common side effects observed in trimester follow-up of children with COVID-19 are mood disorders, loss of appetite, and fatigue, respectively. Thus, post-COVID-19 complications cannot be dismissed among children and adolescents. Controlled population-based studies and further in-depth analyses are needed to confirm their impact on individuals and health care systems. COVID-19, Follow-up, Children, Complications. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5581-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5581-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 30 4 2022 7 1 Stages Passing of Distress in Cancer Patients: A Narrative Research Study 4726 4739 FA Sedighe Arabi Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Gonbad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran. sedighe.arabi@yahoo.com Y 0000-0002-3255-1371 Bibi Aghdas Asghari Department of Social Science, School of Humanities, Islamic Azad University Gonabad Branch, Gonabad, Iran. a_asghari2002@yahoo.com N 0000-0003-4847-286X 10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9896 Introduction: Cancer patients are extremely vulnerable psychologically and may suffer a variety of psychological trauma. This can have a significant impact on their cancer resistance and recovery. The aim of this study was to investigate the transition process of crisis in cancer patients, considering the high number of cancer in the country. Methods: This study was conducted using a qualitative paradigm. In this study, narrative research approach and narrative interview technique was run in order to achieve the transition stages in crisis in cancer patients. During the interview with 14 cancer patients in Gonabad City, theoretical saturation was obtained. Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin (1990) comparative analysis. Results: Cancer patients went through 8 stages before accepting death. These stages included Disease shock, denial of disease, concealment, anger, depression, religious perception, acceptance of illness and acceptance of death. Conclusion: Due to the need to know the crisis process in people with cancer and the high number of patients, the results of this study can be used for people with the patients to deal with them properly, as well as for researchers, managers and planners to know more. The needs of cancer patients and evidence-based planning should be used.   Distress, Cancer, Incurable diseases, Qualitative research. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5420-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5420-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 30 4 2022 7 1 Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in Women Referred to Urology Clinics in Yazd City in 2019-2020 4740 4750 FA Hormoz Karami Department of Urology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran hormozkarami@yahoo.com N 0000-0001-7384-2944 Mehdi Abedinzadeh Department of Urology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran abedinoro@yahoo.com N 0000-0002-0027-3346 Maryam Khanizadeh School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran khanizadhmrym@gmail.com N 0000-0001-9623-7165 Mohsen Ahrari School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran mohsenahrari11@yahoo.com Y 0000-0002-0543-118X Alireza Ayatollahi School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran alireza.ayatolahi69@gmail.com N 0000-0003-1149-204X Hojjat Alipor School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences,Yazd, Iran alipoorhojat@yahoo.com N 0000-0003-1957-8120 10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9897 Introduction: Urinary incontinence is one of the most common problems among women that has significant effects on various aspects of their lives. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of urinary incontinence and risk factors in women aged 40-60 years referred to urology clinics affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University in Yazd City in 2010-2011. Methods: This cross-sectional study performed on 200 randomly selected women aged 40-60 years referred to urology clinics. Questionnaire containing demographic information and questions related to determining urinary incontinence and type of urinary incontinence and risk factors (age, weight, height, BMI, age of onset of menopause, age of onset of menopause, number of deliveries, age at first delivery, number of vaginal deliveries, number Cesarean delivery, menopause, diabetes, hypertension, constipation, chronic lung disease, use of contraceptive hormones, postmenopausal hormone therapy, smoking, obsession) were completed by face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software using Chi-square and t-test. Results: The prevalence of urinary incontinence in women aged 40-60 years referred to these clinics was 54%. The highest prevalence was stress urinary incontinence with 89.2%, followed by urge (48.6%) and mixed incontinence (47.7%), respectively. In the study of risk factors, a significant relationship was observed between taking birth control pills and urinary incontinence (P=0.032), constipation and stress and urgency urinary incontinence (P=0.046); there was also a significant relationship between taking birth control pills and not having mixed urinary incontinence (P=0.02). Conclusion: The prevalence of urinary incontinence in women referred to urology clinics is high and in order to reduce the incidence of urinary incontinence, diet change is recommended. Urology, Urinary incontinence, Middle-aged women, Constipation, Birth control pills http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5456-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5456-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 30 4 2022 7 1 Evaluation of the Correlation between Spiritual Health and Depression in Dental Students of Clinical Stage in 2020 4751 4763 FA Hoora Habibi Faculty Of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran misshoorahabibi@gmail.com N 0000-0003-0154-0829 Arezoo Alaee Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran arezoo.alaee@yahoo.com Y 0000-0002-0882-6232 Gholamhossein Hasani Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran hasanii@gmail.com N 0000-0002-1560-5198 10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9898 Introduction: The widespread prevalence of depression in society is one of the biggest concerns today. Spiritual health affects depression and plays an important role in improving the quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between spiritual health and depression in general and residency dental students of Islamic Azad  University of Medical Sciences Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 166 students  of 5th semester and higher were selected through census. Demographic questionnaires of Palutzian and Ellison spiritual health questionnaire and Beck depression questionnaire were used to collect data. Participants' information was entered into PASS statistical software version 11 and data analysis was performed using ANOVA tests and correlation coefficients. Results: In the study, 166 students were included by census. Among all the factors measured, marital status had a direct and significant relationship with spiritual health (P=0.022). Moreover, the history of physical and mental illness had an inverse and significant relationship with spiritual health (P=0.034). Educational status and history of physical and mental illness had a statistically direct and significant relationship with depression (P=0.014, P=0.064). People who had no history of physical or mental illness and were married had higher spiritual health, and people who studied in higher semesters and had a history of physical and mental illness had more depression. Finally, spiritual health and depression showed an inverse and significant relationship (P≤0.0001). Conclusion: A study of the results obtained from dentistry students showed that there was a significant and inverse correlation between spiritual health and depression.   Spiritual health, Mental health, Depression, Dentistry student. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5438-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5438-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 30 4 2022 7 1 Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Nano niosomal Delivery system Containing paclitaxel drug for Drug Delivery to Osteosarcoma Cell Line (Saos-2) 4764 4777 FA Mohammad Javad Pourmahmoudian Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. m.pourmahmoudian@gmail.com N 0000-0002-2239-2274 Seyed Mahdi Kalantar Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. smkyzd@gmail.com N 0000-0002-6994-6449 Bibi Fatemeh Haghiralsadat Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Fhaghirosadat@gmail.com Y 0000-0002-8655-2118 10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9899 Introduction: Osteosarcoma is the most common type of bone cancer which current chemotherapy treatment strategies have not been very successful due to multiple drug resistance and diverse side effects. The use of nano niosomal delivery system as a drug delivery is one of the new approaches to overcome these limitations. Paclitaxel is an anti-cancer chemotherapy drug used in the treatment of various types of cancers. In this study, various niosomal formulations was designed and synthesized to load Paclitaxel to increase drug efficiency on Saos-2 cell line and overcome the problems of the present treatment. Methods: Various neosomal formulations containing paclitaxel anti-cancer drug were designed and synthesized. For this purpose, neosomal formulations were prepared based on the ratio of different cholesterol and surfactants. Niosomal formulations and their effects on drug loading and drug release were then studied and interpreted. Cytotoxicity on Saos-2 cell line was assessed using GraphPad Prism 9 MTT test software.   Results: PEGylate's niosomal formulation with cholesterol: Tween 60 and ratio (25:75) has the highest paclitaxel insertion efficiency of 74.89%, size 115.4 nm, surface charge of -12.97 mV and the release 79.83%.  This formulation had the highest cumulative release and was considered as a final and optimal was selected. Optimal PEGylate's niosomal system containing paclitaxel was able to show higher toxicity on Saos-2 cell line than free drug. Moreover, this nanosystem alone and without drug had no significant toxicity effect in normal fibroblast cell line (HFF). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that the use of PEGylated niosomal nanocarriers can be used as a promising strategy for future studies in the treatment of bone cancer, especially osteosarcoma.   Drug Delivery, Osteosarcoma, Niosome, PEGylation, Paclitaxel, Saos 2, HFF. http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5479-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5479-en.pdf

Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences SSU_Journals 2228-5741 2228-5733 30 4 2022 7 1 Lack of effect of plasma of myocardial preconditioned, ischemic and ischemic-reperfused rats of myocardium on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes 4778 4792 FA Mansour Esmailidehaj Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. ned1382@gmail.com N 0000-0001-6869-0966 Hassan Esmaeili Pediatric Department, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. he-md1972@yahoo.com N 0000-0002-5784-3792 Elham Chavoushi Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. elchavoush@gmail.com Y 0000-0002-1102-7159 Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. erezvani@yahoo.com N 0000-0001-6146-806x Hossein Azizian Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. h-azizian@yahoo.com N 0000-0002-0921-094x 10.18502/ssu.v30i4.9902 Introduction: Numerous studies have shown that enriched plasma protects myocardial cells against ischemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rat enriched plasma by preconditioning, ischemia, and reperfusion on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC) into cardiomyocytes. Methods: In this experimental and laboratory study, BMMSCs were extracted from the femur bone of male Wistar rats weighting 250-300 g. BMMSCs of the third passage were divided into six groups according to the type of plasma received: 1) control, 2) azacytidine, 3) azacytidine and non-ischemic plasma recipient, 4) azacytidine and preconditioned plasma recipient , 5) azacytidine and ischemic plasma recipient 6) azacytidine and plasma reperfusion recipient groups. In all groups except group 1, to initiate cardiomyocyte differentiation, BMMSCs were exposed to azacytidine (10 μM) for 24 hours. Plasma (25 μg / ml) was added to the culture medium each time the culture medium was changed. After 21 days, the expression level of myocardial βMHC, desmin, and troponin I genes was assessed using qRT-PCR. Results: The expression of myocardial βMHC, desmin, and troponin I genes was significantly increased in all groups received azacytidine (groups 2 to 6) (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the expression of myocardial βMHC, desmin, and troponin I genes, the doubling time, and migration between the plasma receiving groups (groups 3 to 6) compared to the group 2 (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings of present study showed that the plasma collected during ischemia, ischemia-reperfusion, and ischemia preconditioning had no effect on the differentiation of BMMSCs into cardiomyocytes in the presence of azacytidine. Mesenchymal stem cells, ischemia preconditioning, plasma, Desmin, β-MHC and troponin I http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5514-en.html http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-5514-en.pdf