fa تاثیر کوتاه مدت و بلندمدت تمرینات در آب و تراباند بر نیروهای عکس العمل زمین در افراد دارای پای پرونیت طی راه‌رفتن: یک مطالعه مروری سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز فیزیولوژی ورزش Exercise Physiology مروری Review article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مقدمه:</span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">مچ پا</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">به دلیل تحمل وزن بدن یکی از</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">آسیب&shy;پذیرترین مفاصل اندام</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">تحتانی</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">می&shy;باشد</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">لذا هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر کوتاه&shy;مدت و بلندمدت تمرینات در آب و تراباند بر نیروهای عکس&shy;العمل زمین در افراد دارای پای پرونیت طی راه‌رفتن بود.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش بررسی:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">مطالعه حاضر از نوع مروری سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز بود.</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">جستجوی مقالات مورد استفاده به زبان فارسی و لاتین از ابتدای سال 1399 تا ابتدای ماه خرداد سال 1403 در پایگاه&shy;های استنادی</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">WOS </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SID </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Magiran</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">،</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Scopus </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">PubMed</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">، </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ISC</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و موتور جستجوگر </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Google Scholar</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> انجام گرفت.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> 4 مقاله بر اساس معیار&shy;های ورود و خروج انتخاب شد. اثر کوتاه&shy;مدت و بلندمدت نیروهای عکس العمل زمین، ایمپالس، گشتاور آزاد و نرخ بارگذاری مطالعه&shy;ها گردآوری و مورد فراتحلیل قرار گرفت. </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">برای کیفیت&shy;سنجی مقالات از </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">پرسش‌نامه </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0d0d0d">Downs</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"> و </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0d0d0d">Black</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"> استفاده شد.</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده&shy;ها از نرم&shy;افزار رایگان </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0d0d0d">&nbsp;Revman 5.1</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"> (نسخه </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0d0d0d">Review Manager Version 5.1.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">) استفاده شد.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتایج:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">یافته&shy;ها نشان داد </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">که انجام هشت هفته تمرینات در آب افزایش معنی&shy;داری بر نیروی قدامی- خلفی طی فاز تماس پاشنه پا داشت (0/002=</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">؛ %84</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">=</span>^{<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">2</span></span>}<span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">I</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">). به علاوه نتایج حاکی از آن است به طور کلی انجام تمرینات در آب به ترتیب اثر کاهشی معنی&shy;داری بر ایمپالس راستای داخلی-خارجی (03/0=</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">؛ </span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Z=2.16</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) و </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">اوج مثبت گشتاور آزاد در افراد دارای پای پرونیت طی راه&shy;رفتن داشت (0/02=</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">؛</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Z=2.33</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">). به علاوه نتایج حاکی از آن است که انجام هشت هفته تمرینات در آب می&shy;تواند افزایش معنی&shy;داری بر اوج منفی گشتاور آزاد داشته باشد (0/0001=</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">؛</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Z=3.81</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> .</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتایج فراتحلیل نشان داد که اثر کوتاه&shy;مدت و بلندمدت (هشت هفته) تمرینات در آب و تراباند تاثیر معنی&shy;داری بر نیروهای عمودی و داخلی-خارجی (طی هر دو فاز تماس پاشنه و هل دادن) و نیروی قدامی- خلفی طی فاز هل دادن، نداشت (0/05></span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)</span></span><span dir="LTR" new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:18.0pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">با توجه به نتایج </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d">فراتحلیل حاضر</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0d0d0d"> به نظر می&shy;رسد که تمرینات در آب به&shy;صورت بلندمدت اثر کلینیکی و درمانی موثرتری بر مکانیک راه&shy;رفتن در افراد داری پای پرونیت دارد و برای اصلاح الگوی راه&shy;رفتن می&shy;تواند مفید باشد.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction:</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The ankle joint, due to its role in bearing the body&rsquo;s weight, is one of the most vulnerable joints of the lower extremity. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of immediate and long-term water and TheraBand exercises on ground reaction forces in individuals with pronate feet during walking.</span><b><span lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL" style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></b></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Methods:</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The present study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. A search for Persian and English articles was conducted from the beginning of 2021 to the beginning of June 2024 in the citation databases WOS, SID, Magiran, Scopus, PubMed, ISC and Google Scholar search engine. Four articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The short-term and long-term effects of ground reaction forces, impulse, free torque and loading rate of the studies were collected and meta-analyzed. The Downs and Black questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of the articles. Quantitative data synthesis was conducted using the Cochrane Review Manager (Version 5.1).</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Results:</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The findings indicated that an 8-week regimen of aquatic exercises significantly enhances anterior-posterior force during the heel strike phase (P=0.002; I=84%). Additionally, the results suggested a meaningful reduction in medial-lateral impulse (P=0.03; Z=2.16) and positive peak free torque in individuals with pronated feet during walking (P=0.02; Z=2.33). Furthermore, the data showed that eight weeks of aquatic training can significantly increase the negative peak free moment (P=0.0001; Z=3.81). The results of meta-analysis demonstrated that both short-term and long-term (eight weeks) effects of aquatic and Theraband exercises had no significant impact on vertical and internal-external forces (during both the heel contact and push-off phases), as well as on anterior-posterior force during the push-off phase (P>0.05).</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span calibri="" style="font-family:"><b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></b><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> According to the results of the present meta-analysis, it seems that the exercises in the water have long-term clinical and therapeutic effects on people with pronate and can be useful for correcting the walking pattern.</span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</div> آب درمانی, تراباند, کینتیک, کف پای صاف, راه‌رفتن. Hydrotherapy, Thera-Band, Kinetics, Flat Foot, Gait. 9654 9670 http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-5217-4&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohsen Barghamadi محسن برغمدی barghamadian@gmail.com 0000-0002-1794-9410 Yes Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. Ebrahim Piri ابراهیم پیری ebrahimm.piri@gmail.com 0000-0001-9188-9746 No Department of Sports Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. گروه بیومکانیک ورزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.