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Introduction: Teeth are valuable sources of information for anthropological and paleontological studies due to the variation in their shape and size. Dental morphological characteristics are useful to provide information for phylogenic and genetic studies as well as understanding variation within and among species. The goal of this study was to determine variation of the Carabelli cusps within the 8-15 years old who referred to Dental School of Guilan University of medical sciences. Methods: In this research the stone models of 231 children (103boy and 128girl) aged 8-15 were evaluated to determine the frequency of Carabelli cusps. This research was based on Dahlberg scale that involves 8 scores. In order to analyze data, SPSS.v.11.5, and to report results, frequency tables and Chi Square test were used. Results: Prevalence of Carabelli cusps was totally 85.7%. Most of them, according to grade 1 of Dahlberg scale, were assigned to the small vertical ridges. Distribution of this feature among boys and girls was equal and no significant differences were found between the sexes (p=0.658). Conclusions: This feature has significant presence in Iranian society. This variation in the population of our study was more likely to grade 1, with 27.7% in general of which 22.3% was devoted to men and 32% to women. Therefore, the probability that Gene or genes which cause traits, are located on sex chromosomes is faded, and we can conclude it may be inherited by autosomal chromosomes.

Keywords: Carabelli Cusps; Dahlberg Scale; First Maxillary Molar

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