Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic and complex metabolic diseases of human , which hyperglycemia can be mentioned as its prominent characteristic. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of fruit of Rosa canina (R.c.) extract in healthy and diabetic rats.

Method: A total of 72 Wistar male rats were divided into six group: control,  STZ (diabetic) control,  R.c. control (50 mg/kg), R.c. control (100 mg/kg) and two experimental groups with 50, and 100 mg/kg of extract dose. Diabetes was induced using streptozotocine (60 mg/kg; IP), and blood collection was carried out on 0, 2 and 4 hours after the oral administration of the extracts.

Results: The levels of plasma glucose were determined by spectrophotometric method. In order to statistically analyze the study data, ANOVA test was performed. There was a significant difference between groups concerning the plasma glucose concentration (P<0.0001), which the lowest concentration between diabetes groups was observed in the two experimental groups. Moreover, R.c. had a marked hypoglycemic effect on diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion: R.c. extract in hyperglycemic status demands to be further studied in order to control and prevent its complications.