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Introduction: Patients receiving orthodontic treatment get some alterations in their oral cavity environment such as an increase in the levels of microorganism in oral cavity and dental biofilms. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate as well as to compare the colonization of mutans streptococci in different parts of removable orthodontic appliances. Methods: In this descriptive analytic study, samples were obtained before and after use of removable appliance plaque and amount of colonization of streptococci mutan was determined in 3 areas including Biteplaque in proximity of first molar teeth, spring, inner surface of removable appliance in proximity of first molar Results: Results showed that plague index increased significantly after use of removable appliance. (P<0.001) There was a significant difference in amount of colonization of streptococci mutans between spring and biteplaque (p= 0.028) Conclusion: This study indicated importance of a precise oral hygiene control in patients under treatment with removable orthodontic appliances for prevention of dental caries.

Keywords: Oral Hygiene; Removable Orthodontic Appliances; Streptococcus Mutans

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