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Interoduction: Gasteroenteritis is one of the problems worth consideration all over the world. It is one of the important causes of mortality, especially in children < 5 years of age, in developing countries including Iran. The aim of this descriptive study was to determine the demographic conditions influencing the presence of causative bacteria and protozoa, followed by antibiograms of isolated bacteria from stool samples of patients with gasteroenteritis referring to Nikoopour Clinic in the city of Yazd, Iran from 1998 – 2001. Materials and method: A total of 470 samples were microbiologically examined by direct method, culture and then antibiogramed. In order to isolate the possible bacteria, differential and selected media were used. Also, wet – mount technique was applied for detection of protozoa. Results: Results revealed that 272 samples (57.9%) were infected by pathogenic bacteria or protozoa. 138 (50.8%) pathogenic specimens were from male patients and the remaining 134(49.3%) were from female patients. Isolated species were: Enteropathogenic E.coli 117(43%), Shigella 51(18.8%), Salmonella.interetidis 25(9.2%), C.jejuni 16(5.9%), Giardia lambdia 51(18.8%) and Amoebae spp 12(4.4%). The most commonly detected shigella species was dysenteriae, (74.5%) while boydii with 2% was the least common type observed in the specimens. Except shigella, all the other bacteria were more common in males than female, but insignificant statistically. In order to determine the sensitivity and/or resistance of pathogenic bacteria, antibiogram test was performed using selected antibiotic disks such as Ampicillin, Nalidixic Acid, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin and Sulfamethaxazole. Conclusion: Results revealed that some patients were probably infected by pathogenic factors other than bacteria or protozoa. Since all viruses and parasites are almost resistant to antibiotics and on the other hand, administration of antibiotics may lead to resistance of bacterial agents, it seems necessary that the stool samples should be cultured and antibiogramed before treatment with antibiotics. The most common bacterial agent isolated in this study was E coli enteropathogens and the most effective antibiotic against it was Nalidixic acid.

Keywords: Gasteroenteritis, Bacteria, Protozoa, Yazd.

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