Study of Okra Powder (Abelmoscus Esculentus) Effects on Histology of Liver Tissue and Sero-Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Rats (HFD/STZ)

erfani majd, N; shahriari, A; tabandeh, MR; soleymani, Z

Volume 24, Issue 9 (Dec 2016) JSSU 2016, 24(9): 690-705 | Back to browse issues page

Mendeley

Zotero

RefWorks

erfani majd N, shahriari A, tabandeh M, soleymani Z. Study of Okra Powder (Abelmoscus Esculentus) Effects on Histology of Liver Tissue and Sero-Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Rats (HFD/STZ). JSSU 2016; 24 (9) :690-705
URL: http://jssu.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-3815-en.html

Study of Okra Powder (Abelmoscus Esculentus) Effects on Histology of Liver Tissue and Sero-Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Rats (HFD/STZ)

N Erfani majd ^*

, A Shahriari

, MR Tabandeh

, Z Soleymani

Abstract: (7587 Views)

Introduction: Type 2 diabete is a kind of metabolic disease that it is associated with hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and disturbed liver function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of Okra Powder on liver damage in high fat diet fed / streptozotocin (HFD-STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic rats.

Methods: In this experimental study, 25 Wistar Albino female rats with an average weight of (200–220 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups: Group I: (control group) rats were fed the standard diet, Group II: healthy rats that received Okra Powder (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks; Group III (HFD/STZ group): Rats were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) (60% fat) for 4 weeks and then injected low dose of STZ (35 mg/kg), Group IV: Diabetic rats that received Okra Powder (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. GroupV: Diabetic rats that received metformin (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. At the end of experiment, biochemical parameters were measured. Liver samples were removed and 5-6 µ sections were made and stained by H&E and Sudan black staining.

Results: The results showed that all the biochemical parameters, except HDL-C and serum insulin were increased in diabetic rats, while they were decreased in Okra supplementation group compared to diabetic rats (p<0.05). The liver structure alterations were improved in treated diabetic rats with Okra Powder and metformin.

Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the potential anti-hyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Okra Powder. Thus, it seems it has an important role in the management of type 2 diabete.

Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes, Histology, Biochemical, Insulin Resistance, Okra, Liver, Rat

Full-Text [PDF 1192 kb] (2356 Downloads)

Type of Study: Original article | Subject: Biochemistry
Received: 2016/07/15 | Accepted: 2016/10/22 | Published: 2017/01/1

References

1. Lin Y, Sun Z. Current views on type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol 2010; 204(1): 1-11. [DOI] [PubMed]

2. Skovso S. Modeling type 2 diabetes in rats using high fat diet and streptozotocin. J Diabetes Investig 2014; 5(4): 349-58.

3. Lenzen S. The mechanisms of alloxan- and streptozotocininduced diabetes. Diabetologia 2008; 51(2): 216-26.

4. Szkudelski T. The mechanism of alloxan and streptozotocin action in B cells of the rat pancreas. Physiol Res 2001; 50(6): 537-46.

5. Rifaai RA, El-Tahawy NF, Saber EA, Ahmed A. Effect of Quercetin on the Endocrine Pancreas of the Experimentally Induced Diabetes in Male Albino Rats: A Histological and Immunohistochemical Study. Diabetes Metab J 2012; 3(3): 2-11.

6. Jung UJ, Lee MK, Jeong KS, Choi MS. The hypoglycemic effects of hesperidin and naringin are partly mediated by hepatic glucose-regulating enzymes in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. J Nutr 2004; 134(10): 2499-503.

7. Pushparaj PN, Low HK, Manikandan J, Tan BKH, Tan CH. Anti-diabetic effects of Cichorium intybus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Ethno pharmacol 2007; 111: 430-34.

8. Wold LE, Ceylan IAF, Ren J. Oxidative stress and stress signaling: menace of diabetic cardio - myopathhy. Acta Pharmacol Sinica 2005; 26(8): 908-17.

9. Nascimento1 FAM, Silva SBD, Santos CF, Lacerda CMAD, Aguila MB. Adipose tissue, liver and pancreas structural alterations in C57BL/6 mice fed high-fat-high-sucrose diet supplemented with fish oil (n-3 fatty acid rich oil). Exp Toxicol Pathol 2010; 62(1): 17-25.

10. Suchithra ER, Subramanian S. Antidiabetic activity of Artocarpus heterophyllus rag extract studied in high fat fed- low dose STZ induced experimental type 2 diabetic rats. Der Pharmacia Lettre 2014; 6(3):102-09.

11. Veerapur VP, Prabhakar KR, Thippeswamy BS, Bansal P, Srinivasan KK, Unnikrishnan MK. Antidiabetic effect of Dodonaea viscosa (L). Lacq. aerial parts in high fructose-fed insulin resistant rats: a mechanism based study. Indian J Exp Biol 2010; 48(8): 800-10.

12. Fan S, Zhang Y, Sun Q, Yu L, Li M, Zheng B, et al. Extract of okra lowers blood glucose and serum lipids in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25(7) :702-09.

13. Adelakun OE, Oyelade OJ, Ade-Omowaye BI, Adeyemi IA, Van deVenter M, Koekemoer TC. Influence of pre-treatment on yield chemical and antioxidant properties of a Nigerian okra seed (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) flour. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47(3): 657-61.

14. Arapitsas P. Identification and quantification of poly phenolic compounds from okra seeds and skins. Food Chem 2008; 110(4): 1041-45.

15. Hamiduzzaman M, Moniruzzaman Sarkar ASM. Evaluation of biological activities of Abelmoschus esculentus (Malvaceae). Int J curr Sci 2014; 10: 43-9.

16. Bryant LA, Montecalvo J, Morey KS, Loy B. Processing, functional and nutritional properties of okra seed products. Mol Genet Metab 1988; 53(3): 810-16.

17. Ramachandran S, Sandeep VS, Srinivas NK, Dhanaraju MD. Anti-diabetic activity of Abelmoschus esculentus Linn on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Res Rev Biosci 2010; 4(3): 121-23.

18. Rafieian-Kopaei M, Asgary S, Hajian Sh, Roozbehani S. Effect of mucilage extracted from the fruit of Hibiscus esculentus on preventive of increasing glucose and lipid profile of diabetic rats by streptozotocin. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci 2013; 15(3): 48-55.

19. Sabitha V, Ramachandran S, Naveen KR, Panneerselvam K. Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic potential of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench. in streptozotocininduced diabetic rats. J Pharm Bioall Sci 2011; 3(3): 397-402.

20. Mahmoud AM, Ahmed OM, Abdel-Moneim A, Ashour MB. Upregulation of PPARγ mediates antidiabetic effects of citrus flavnoids in type 2 diabeticrats. Int J Bioassays 2013; 2(5): 756-61.

21. Kabiri N, Tabandeh M, Fatemi Tabatabaie, SR. Beneficial effects of pioglitazone and metformin in murine model of polycystic ovaries via improvement of chemerin gene up-regulation. DARU 2014; 22(1): 1.

22. Binh DV, Dung NTK, Nhi NB, Chi PV. Macro- and microvascular complications of diabetes induced by high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin injection in rats model. DIABETES 2013; 2(3): 50-5.

23. Bancroft JD, Gamble M. Theory and Practice of histological techniques. 5th ed, Churchill livingstone; 2002: pp: 125, 130 (175): 206-208.

24. Marradian AD. Antioxidants and diabetes. Nestle Nutr workshop ser clin perform programme 2006; 11(6): 107-22.

25. Frayn K. Adipose tissue as a buffer for daily lipid flux. Diabetologia 2002; 45(9): 1201-10.

26. Donnelly KL, Smith CI, Schwarzenberg SJ, Jessurun J, Boldt MD, Parks EJ. Sources of fatty acids stored in liver and secreted via lipoproteins in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Invest 2005; 115(5): 1343-51.

27. Galbo T, Shulman GI. Lipid-induced hepatic insulin resistance. Aging (Albany NY) 2013; 5(8): 582-83.

28. Samuel VT, Shulman GI. Mechanisms for insulin resistance: common threads and missing links. Cell 2012; 148(5): 852-71.

29. Bindu R Nair. Biochemical changes associated with fruit development in Abelmoschus esculentus cv. Arka Anamika Agr Tech 2013; 9(2): 373-82.

30. Tomoda M, Shimizu N, Gonda R, Kanari M, Yamada H, Hikino H. Anticomplementary and hypoglycemic activity of okra and hibiscus mucilages. Carbohydr Res 1989; 190(2): 323-28.

31. Pinent M, Castell A, Baiges I, Montagut G, Arola L, Ardevol A. Bioactivity of flavonoids on insulin-secreting cells. Compr Rev Food Sci 2008; 7(4): 299-308.

32. Vozarova B, Stefan N, Lindsay RS, Saremi A, Pratley RE, Bogardus C, et al. High alanine aminotransferase is associated with decreased hepatic insulin sensitivity and predicts the development of type 2 diabetes. Diabet 2002; 51(6): 1889-95.

33. Hung Z, Wang B, Eaves DH, Shikany JM, Pace RD. Phenolic compound profile of selected vegetables frequently consumed by African Americans in the southeast United States. Food Chem 2007; 103(4): 1395-402.

34. Belfiore F, Iannello S. Insulin resistance in obesity: metabolic mechanisms and measurement methods. Mol Genet Metab 1998; 65(2): 121-28.

35. Rosholt MN, King PA, Horton ES. High-fat diet reduces glucose transporter responses to both insulin and exercise. Am J Physiol 1994; 266(1): 95-101.

36. Keenoy BMY, Campenhout VA, Aerts P, Vertommen J, Abrams P, Van Gaal LF, et al. Time course of oxidative stress status in the postprandial and postabsorptive states in type 1 diabetes mellitus: relationship to glucose and lipid changes. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 24(6): 474-85.

37. Roy A, Shrivastava SL, Mandal SM. Functional properties of Okra Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench): traditional claims and scientific evidences. Plant Sci Today 2014; 1(3): 121-30.

38. Parveen K, Khan MR, Siddiqui WA. Pycnogenol prevents potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)-induced oxidative damage and nephrotoxicity in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 181(3): 343-350.

39. Gandhi G, Jothi G, Antony PJ, Balakrishna K, Paulraj MG, Ignacimuthu S, et al. Gallic acid attenuates high-fat diet fed-streptozotocin-induced insulin resistance via partial agonism of PPARγ in experimental type2 diabetic rats and enhances glucose uptake through translocation and activation of GLUT4inPI3K/p-Akt signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 745: 201-16.

40. Spiller GA. Dietary fibre in prevention and treatment of diseases. CRC handbook of dietary fibre in human nutrition CRC Press LLC, 3 rd ed. Washington 2001; 369-401.

41. Boban PT, Nambisan B, Sudhakaran PR. Hypolipidaemic effect of chemically different mucilages in rats: a comparative study. Br J Nutr 2006; 96(6): 1021-29.